SCR0PHULARINE7R. 



615 



a terminal panicle. Calyx more or less deeply 5-cleft. Corolla nearly 

 globular, with short, broad lobes ; the two upper ones erect and united 

 into an upper lip ; the two lateral ones often shorter and erect ; the 

 lowest one turned downwards. Stamens 4, turned downwards, with 

 1-celled anthers ; a fifth barren stamen usually forming a scale under 

 the upper lip. Capsule 2-celled, opening at the partition in 2 valves. 



The species are numerous, having their great centre in the Mediter- 

 ranean region and in central Asia, a few only extending over the rest 

 of Europe, northern Asia, and a part of North America. The shape 

 of the corolla readily distinguishes the genus from all others. 

 Leaves glabrous. Panicle almost leafless. 



Stem acutely angled but not winged, with numerous 

 knotty tubers at its base. Leaves acute. Border 



of the sepals very narrow 1. Knotted S. 



Stem 4-winged, without tubers at the base. Leaves 

 usually obtuse. Sepals with a conspicuous scarious 



border 2. Water S. 



Leaves downy. Panicle leafy at the base, or cymes all axillary. 

 Leaves cordate-triangular. Flowers dull purple, with 



a scale under the upper lip 3. Balm-leaved S. 



Leaves orbicular or broadly cordate. Flowers yellow, 



without any scale under the upper lip 4. Yellow S. 



1. Knotted Scrophularia. Scrophularia nodosa, Linn. 



(Fig. 735.) 



(Eng. Bot. t. 1544. Figwort.) 



A coarse, erect perennial, 2 to 3 

 feet high, glabrous or nearly so, with 

 a disagreeable smell ; the short stock 

 emitting a number of small green 

 knots or tubers. Stem sharply quad- 

 rangular. Leaves large, broadly ovate 

 or heart-shaped, pointed, and doubly 

 crenate or serrate. Panicle loosely 

 pyramidal or oblong, usually sprinkled 

 with minute glandular hairs. Lobes 

 of the calyx rounded, with a very nar- 

 row, often scarcely perceptible, sca- 

 rious border. Tube of the corolla of 

 a pale greenish-purple, twice as long 

 as the calyx ; the upper lip more deep- 

 ly coloured, much longer than the 

 lateral lobes. 



In rather moist cultivated and waste -p. -05 



