SCROPHULAKINB^]. 



635 



other plants by means of slightly en- 

 larged suckers. Stem from a few- 

 inches to a foot high, simple or slightly 

 branched. Leaves opposite, lanceolate, 

 and more or less coarsely toothed ; the 

 floral ones broader, shorter, and more 

 cut at the base. Flowers in a loose, 

 leafy spike ; the calyx nearly orbicular, 

 inflated, but compressed, contracted at 

 the mouth, with 4 small teeth. Corolla 

 yellow, often with a purple spot on the 

 upper, or upon both lips ; the tube lon- 

 ger than the calyx ; the upper lip late- 

 rally compressed, with a tooth or lobe 

 on each side in front ; the lower lip 

 shorter, with 3 spreading lobes. Sta-- 

 mens 4, in pairs, with obtuse, hairy 

 anther-cells. Capsule orbicular, flat- 

 tened, with a few large, flat, usually 

 winged seeds. 



In meadows and pastures, in Europe and Russian Asia, from the 

 Mediterranean to the Arctic regions. Abundant in Britain, often caus- 

 ing mucli injury to the herbage. Fl. summer, or sometimes later. It 

 varies much in stature, in the breadth of the leaves, in the size of the 

 flower, and in the form of the teeth of the upper lip ; and botanists 

 have distinguished three supposed species, — the larger R. (R. major, 

 Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2737), with large flowers ; the lesser _K., with small 

 flowers ; and the narrow i?., with linear leaves ; but further obser- 

 vation has shown that these forms are neither constant, nor marked 

 enough to be separated even as permanent races. 



Tig. 763. 



XIII. PEDZCUIiARIS. PEDICULARIS. 



Herb3, w r ith leaves alternate, or in very few species whorled or 

 nearly opposite, and pinnately lobed, toothed, or divided; and, in the 

 British species, purple flowers, in leafy spikes or racemes. Calyx 

 broadly tubular, inflated after flowering, with 2 to 5 irregular, often 

 jagged teeth or lobes. Corolla with a distinct tube ; the upper lip 

 laterally compressed, entire or with a small tooth in fronton each side. 

 Stamens 4, in pairs, the anther cells not pointed. Capsule flattened, 

 more or less oblique at the top, with a few large seeds attached to the 

 lower part. 



