MUSHROOMS AND OTHER COMMON FUNGI. 33 



broad; ring large. In the early stages, according to Prof . Atkinson, a portion of the 

 veil frequently encircles the stipe like a tube, while a part remains, si ill stretched over 

 the gills. This condition is well illustrated in Plate XXV, figure 1. Stem smooth, 

 stuffed or hollow, bulbous, white or whitish, the bulb often stained with yellow. 



Cap 2 to 4 inches broad; stem 3 to 5 inches long, one-fourth to one-half inch thick. 

 (PI. XXV, fig. 1.) 



This species frequents hemlock woods, occurring from July to September. 



Agaricus rodmani. (Edible.) 



Cap firm, rounded, convex, then nearly plane, white, becoming subochraceous, 

 smooth or cracked into scales on the disk, margin decurved; flesh white; gills nar- 

 row, close, white, changing to pink and blackish brown; stem solid, short, whitish, 

 smooth, or perhaps mealy, squamulose above the ring; ring double, sometimes appear- 

 ing as two collars with space between. 



Cap 2 to 4 inches broad; stem 2 to 3 inches long, 6 to 10 lines thick. 



Agaricus rodmani may easily be mistaken for Agaricus campestris, but can be dis- 

 tinguished by the thicker, firmer flesh, narrower gills, which are nearly white when 

 young, and peculiar collar, which appears double. This species grows on grassy 

 ground, often springing from crevices of unused pavements or between the curbing 

 and the walk. It is to be found principally from May to July. 



Agaricus silvicola. (Edible.) 



Cap convex, expanded to almost plane, sometimes umbonate, smooth, shining, 

 white, often tinged with yellow, sometimes with pink, especially in the center; flesh 

 white or pinkish; gills thin, crowded, white, then pink, later dark brown, distant 

 from stem, generally narrowed toward each end ; stem long, bulbous, stuffed or hollow, 

 whitish, sometimes yellowish below; ring membranaceous, sometimes with broad 

 floccose patches on the under side. 



Cap 3 to 6 inches broad; stem 4 to 6 inches long, 4 to 8 lines thick. 



Agaricus silvicola has been known under various names, at one time being considered 

 merely a variety of Agaricus arvensis. By Peck l it has been recognized as a distinct 

 species, A. abruptibulbus . A discussion of the nomenclature of this species may be 

 found in Mcllvaine and Macadam. 2 



Agaricus subrufescens. (Edible.) 



Cap at first deeply hemispherical, becoming convex or broadly expanded, silky, 

 fibrillose, and minutely or obscurely squamulose, whitish, grayish, or dull reddish 

 brown, usually smooth and darker on the disk; flesh white, unchangeable; gills at 

 first white or whitish, then pinkish, finally blackish brown; stem rather long, often 

 somewhat thickened or bulbous at the base, at first stuffed, then hollow, white; the 

 annulus flocculose or floccose squamose on the lower surface. Two additional char- 

 acters of assistance in identification are the mycelium, which forms slender branching 

 rootlike strings, and the almondlike flavor of the flesh. 



Cap 3 to 4 inches broad; stem 2\ to 4 inches long. (PI. XXVI.) 

 The plants often grow in large clusters of 20 to 30 or even 40 individuals. They 

 occur in the wild state and have also been reported as a volunteer crop in especially 

 prepared soil. Specimens collected in the vicinity of Washington, D. C, were found 

 growing near the river on a rocky slope rich in leaf mold. Agaricus subrufescens is 

 considered a very excellent edible species. 



J Peck, 0. H. Report of the State botanist, 1904. New York State Museum, Bulletin 94, p. 36, 1905. 

 2 Mcllvaine, Charles, and Macadam, R. K. Toadstools, Mushrooms, Fungi, Edible and Poisonous; 

 One Thousand American Fungi. Rev. ed., Indianapolis, 1.1912], p. 728. 



73431°— Bull. 175—15 3 



