DESTRUCTION OF FLY LARVH IN HORSE MANURE. 4 
a true partial sterilization, as has been shown by several investigators 
(cf. Russel and Buddin, 19138, and the recent article by the latter, 
Buddin, 1914), while the nonvolatile substances would be finally 
decomposed in the soil, and, therefore, have no permanent injurious 
effect. Organic substances, when added to the soil, may be attacked 
by various members of the soil flora, as bacteria and filamentous fungi, _ 
which either destroy the substances entirely or form compounds 
that may be utilized by other organisms which are of value in main- 
taining the fertility of the soil or may be utilized directly by the 
plants themselves. 
ANILINE. 
Aniline (C,H;NH,), which is extensively used in the preparation of 
dyes, contains 15 per cent of nitrogen and costs about 60 cents per 
quart. This substance was tested in cage experiments at Arlington, 
Va., using dilutions of 1 to 50, 1 to 100, and 1 to 200. 
TaBLe IT.—Destruction of fly larve in horse manure. Results with aniline and nitro- 
benzene; cage experiments, Arlington, Va., 1914. 
Water extract. 
Number 
a bac- 
. | teria per re 
Treatment of 8 bushels Blies pala 1gram | Manure, yee 
Series. | of manure, using 10 | smerged.| vicidal | ™™2nure,| total | Hei per | Water- N as 
gallons of liquid. Bee effect calcu- | nitrogen. 100 a Mic |eeotaiia NHs, 
ae to (5 grams | nitrogen. Folin 
ry of method 
weight manure). 
Per cent Percent | Per cent 
of control of total | of total 
Number. | average. | Millions. | Per cent. ES¢: nitrogen. | nitrogen. 
A | Aniline, 1-50.......... 4 98 264 0. 526 8. 25 41, 63 7. 98 
942B | Aniline, 1-100......... 11 97 392 632 8. 65 33. 70 4, 60 
C | Aniline, 1-200......... 25 fol eta (ese eae Sea IS cea onse ara Papers eanar na esa nee Ue ge pyre a sZt 
A | Control (water only) Nard (ie a 283 898 11. 40 25. 61 2. 34 
oofB ee Oe aOR eM aS OS(s paoaasenas 165 653 10. 75 24.19 4,13 
Calrsse: COR err tn Ula | ata es 157 533 8.15 27. 39 2. 44 
Control average....... LUCE iscesekencseye nel MSs reget aie Lesher mir tea 2 ba at eeaeol [oD ce atta Ia TO A 
100 A | Aniline, 1-200......... 17 OO ae Me Ee mate . 618 4.15 25. 08 1. 40 
{B ye COR ee 28 Ce is Ree ae 674 6. 40 29. 08 1. 63 
106 {3 Control! (water only). ASA RO) ee cenettenngecn 19. 6 572 4, 25 25. 00 2. 10 
Teh Wesoae Co pasa nS ert ere La A936) eeu zeta se 27.1 561 4,65 26. 02 1.41 
Control average.....:. yn AVA S as SB SICA Aaa BOOCOSH OEE CMEC SSMSEl nem se cis seers ens 
A | Nitrobenzene emu \. 
sion(3} pounds nitro- 
benzene and 4 pound 
95 fish-oil soap to 10 gal- 
lons water).-...-.:.. 0 100 551 - 547 9.75 34. 92 9.14 
Bailes Cleans aes ac 1 99+- 667 - 526 8. 10 40. 50 7.41 
C | Same as foregoing, di- 
aluttedsl—3a-nsssae 115 LEI y eH Leer ce Ce Canes acd chal Lear gee al bane Be PSY A Va Nite 
A | Control(water only)... ND nlp eee 283 - 898 11. 40 25. 61 2. 34 
995B |..--- GOs Re ers Sa Seok ie OSU Sesto 165 . 653 10. 75 24.19 4,13 
Crpleneee (0 Ke eye SEI UA eaeseeete 157 - 033 8.15 27.39 2. 44 
Controlaverage....... SO Ta ee pester ae a pat acl EU EIR A ted ares as eniny) cy a pasa 
A | Nitrobenzene (1.67 
pounds nitrobenzene 
and 4 pound fish-oil 
101 soap to 10 gallons 
water) undiluted.... 4 OO Fill Me cpretereinee 065 6. 40 34. 69 8. 32 
Baleases 60 (aye see evn a at a 0 100 323 2 449 5. 40 34. 96 9.13 
C | Same as foregoing, di- 
ted sl lis os ee ers 5 Cee ea ecotal SSAC HOSoe > EHS THe Baarceneens| Sneneermec 
106 {5 Control (water only). . AF AS OW reverses 19.6 572 4, 25 25. 00 2.10 
AAO Ls A er eee OS Gy lisp myeie cays 27.1 561 4.65 25. 02 get 
Coal erare: E 3,212 | 
