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LOSS OF NICOTINE FROM NICOTINE DUSTS 13 
VOLATILITY OF NICOTINE SULPHATE SOLUTION AND FREE 
NICOTINE SOLUTION 
Nicotine is ordinarily incorporated in dusts as a solution of nicotine 
sulphate. As afew dusts made with free nicotine solution are on the 
market, however, the volatility of the two types of nicotine used, 
independent of any carrier, was determined. : 
Solutions of nicotine sulphate and of free nicotine were allowed 
to stand exposed in 500-cubic centimeter beakers at room tempera- 
ture for several months. They were analyzed from time to time, 
record being kept of the weight of the samples and the quantity 
withdrawn for analysis. 
Nicotine sulphate solutions of two strengths were used. Of one 
solution, 195.2 grams, containing 
41.3 per cent (80.7 grams) of nico- 
tine, was taken. At the end of 
three weeks there remained, after 
correcting for the material used in 
analysis, 79.3 grams of nicotine, 
or a loss of 1.4 grams. (This is 
robably within the limits of error.) 
he concentration of nicotine in the 
solution had increased to a little 
more than 45 per cent, owing to the 
evaporation of water. No further 
change occurred in the concentra- 
tion of the solution. Of the other 
9O 
FER CEN 
solution, 229.1 grams, containing 21 
per cent (48.1 grams) of nicotine, 2 es 
was used. During the fivemonths 
no loss of nicotine occurred, but © 
at the end of the period its concen- \20b———ateseeeGzZ = 
tration was 49 per cent of nicotine. S \soLe7vowv 
Two strengths of free nicotine : NICOTINE BULIVLBT E 
solutions, one containing originally ALAM 
41.5 per cent and the other 20.8 
per cent of nicotine, were exposed 9 ae ee 
during the same period and in a ALON TILE 
similar manner. Both of these so- 6. 13.—Changes in strength of nicotine sulphate 
lutions reached a concentration of 24 nee nicotine solutions on standing in open 
89 per cent nicotine, but mean- ~ 
while they lost 10 and 17 per cent, respectively, of their nicotine 
content. These results are shown in Figure 13. 
The experimental results with nicotine sulphate solutions confirm 
those with nicotine sulphate absorbed in an inert carrier, such as 
kieselguhr, the loss of nicotine from which did not exceed 1 per cent 
per month. A greater loss than this indicates a reaction between 
the nicotine sulphate and the carrier, by which the nicotine sul- 
phate is broken up and free alkaloid is formed. This occurs in the 
presence of calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate, which react 
ead Ss 
_ to form calcium sulphate and free nicotine, carbon dioxide being 
evolved when calcium carbonate is used, 
