THE PEAR T1IKIPS IN CALIFORNIA. 6 



HISTORY, 



LITERATURE. 



The first reference in literature to the pear thrips is the original 

 description of the insect by Miss M. Daniels in Entomological News 

 for November, 1904. 1 The type specimens were taken on pear near 

 San Leandro, in Alameda County, Cal., for which reason it was given 

 the common name "pear thrips.'' 



Dudley Moulton, 2 in 1905, published the first account dealing with 

 the economic importance of this species. He described its different 

 stages and the nature and extent of injury caused by it, and included a 

 discussion of its life history. No advice was given as to remedial 

 measures, except that early winter plowing was advocated. . 



The third reference to the pear thrips in literature was by the same 

 author in Bulletin 68, Part I, of the Bureau of Entomology. 3 This 

 contained practically all that was included in the former publication, 

 with additional information accumulated, making a more complete 

 account of the pest. It was illustrated with appropriate figures of all 

 stages, including the eggs and pupa, which had not theretofore been 

 figured. No successful remedial measures, however, had been de- 

 termined. 



The next publication was also by Moulton, and was issued as Bul- 

 letin 80, Part IV, of this bureau. 4 It gave an extended account of 

 the life history of the pear thrips, with recommendations for early 

 fall plowing and cross-plowing, to be followed by spraying in the 

 spring for the adult and an application against the larvae after the 

 falling of the petals. Tables were given showing the actual number 

 of thrips killed in the plowed as compared with the unplowed areas. 



The next account was published as Circular 131 of the Bureau of 

 Entomology, 5 and is a concise abstract of the present paper. 



The Journal of the Sou th-E astern Agricultural College, Wye, 

 Kent County, England, No. 19, for 1910 (published in 1911), con- 

 tains an article by F. V. Theobald 6 dealing with thrips in general, in 

 which this species receives considerable prominence. 



» Daniel, S. M. New California Thysanoptera. In Entomological News, v. 15, no. 9, p. 294-295, No- 

 vember, 1904. 



2 Moulton, Dudley. The Pear Thrips (Euthrips pyri). California State Horticultural Commission, 

 Publication, Sacramento, 1905. 17 p., 8 figs. 



3 Moulton, Dudley. The Pear Thrips. (Euthrips pyri Daniel.) U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent., Bui. 68, 

 pt. 1, 16 p., 8 figs., 2 pis., June 10, 1907. 



^ Moulton, Dudley. The Pear Thrips and its Control. (Euthrips pyri Daniel.) U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. 

 Ent., Bui. 80, pt. 4, p. 51-66, figs. 13-17, pis. 4-6, Sept. 4, 1909. 



6 Foster, S. W., and Jones, P. R. How to Control the Pear Thrips. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent., Circ. 

 131, 24 p., 14 figs., Jan. 9, 1911. 



6 Theobald, Fred. V. Report on economic zoology for year ending Sept. 31, 1910, p. 57-67, fig. 5, 

 Pis. XXV-XXVIII. In Jour. Southeast. Agr. Col., Wye, no. 19, 1911. 



