220 Migrations of Siouan Tribes. _ [ March, 
Subsequent Migrations of the Omahas.—After leaving Ji Jafiga 
jiiga (No. 24), where the lodges were made of wood, they dwelt 
at Zande buja. This is south-east of Ji jafiga -jifiga, and is the 
name of a stream as well as of a prominent bluff near by. This 
stream empties into Omaha creek near the town of Homer, Neb. 
After a great freshet the Omahas crossed Omaha creek and made 
a village at or near Omadi, which was called Large village, near 
Village stream (Omaha creek). See No. 25 on Map 1. This was 
a favorite resort, as we shall see. Thence they removed to Bell 
creek, on the west side of which ‘they made a village (No. 26). 
Thence they went south to Salt creek, below Lincoln (No. 28). 
Thence they returned to Large village (No. 25). When they 
were there, Half-a-day, the aged historian of the tribe, was born. 
This was about A. D. 1800. Thence they removed to A-ne na- 
tai dha", where the people perished ina prairie fire, a hill on the 
Elkhorn river (No. 30). They stayed there five years. Then 
they settled on Shell creek, which they called Tacnafiguji (No. 
31). After which they returned to Large village (No. 25). Leav- 
ing this again, they made a‘village on the Elkhorn, near Wisner 
(No. 33), about A. D. 1822-3. Half-a-day married when he was 
there. About A. D. 1832-3 they returned to Large village (No. 
25). Joseph La Flèche remembers having been there at that 
time. About A.D. 1841 they removed to Ta”-wa" jifiga dha”, the 
Small village (No. 35), at the mouth of Logan creek, where they 
dwelt for two years. In 1843 they returned to Large village (No. 
25), and in 1845 they made a village on the curvilinear top of a 
plateau, near Bellevue (No. 37). In 1855 they removed to their 
present reservation, 
The Ponkas did not occupy their new country unmolested. 
They had some fights with the Cheyennes and Comanches. These 
foes dwelt near a great lake in a sandy region (gi-za’ -ba-he-he’) 
near the head of the Elkhorn river, Neb. At this time the com- 
_ batants used wooden darts instead of bows and arrows. The 
writer was at the old Ponka reservation, Todd county, Neb., from 
May, 1871, to Aug., 1873. During this period he often visited 
€ remains of an ancient Ponka fort not more than a quarter of 
a mile from his house. A rough diagram of this fort is given. 
After the Iowas, and Omahas went south the Ponkas claimed 
all the northern part of Nebraska, along the Missouri river, as far 
: as what is now Dakota county, where began the Omaha ter- 
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