1886, ] Migrations of Siouan Tribes. 221 
The Ponkas say that they had seven “old men ” since they be- 
came a separate tribe. Under the fifth “old man” they first saw 
the pale-faces. They are now under the seventh “old man.” 
MAP 4. 
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bd Map showing the Ponka fort. 
Berke Omahas, according to some men of their tribe, are now 
oe their fifth “ old man.” Among the Dakotas, according to 
te anthorities, an “old man” denotes a cycle of seventy years 
w 
