1886.] Resemblances in Arts widely separated. 247 
similarity of human actions argued consanguinity in those who 
practiced them, that when the same phenomena occurred in two 
places they must have had their origin from the same race. 
Those who hold such theories are not all dead, as any one con- 
versant with recent literature well knows. It is quite possible 
also that among older thinkers there were other ways of account- 
ing for such similarities as I have mentioned. 
Before speaking of another explanation it is necessary first to 
examine more closely the old doctrine. Admitting that all like 
inventions had their origin from the same race, we have two pos- 
sible ways by which each one may have been planted in different 
parts of the world. An art may be so peculiar to a people that 
its presence argues their presence always, in which case the art 
may be said to have the same inventor and executor. An art 
may originate with a race or people, some of whom may carry 
the knowledge of it everywhere, or foreigners visiting that people 
may learn the art and carry it home, or it may, undesignedly on 
the part of any one, be diffused. 
In our day of illustrated books and papers there is no telling 
how far the tuition of culture may extend. In this second case 
the art has the same inventor, but not necessarily the same exec- 
utor or disseminator. 
Which of these two causes has been active in any case seems 
to me to be a matter of counting—of numbers. The same race 
of people would hardly move about over the world, plant them- 
Selves here and there, and forget all the occupations and customs 
of fatherland excepting one or two. Mr. Tylor told the Anthropo- 
logical Society of Washington that he found in the neighborhood 
of Philadelphia so much old-fashionedness belonging to England 
that he could almost imagine himself in the midst of an English 
village of the last century. On the other hand, the occurrence 
of a fac-simile of a Grecian temple, as Girard College, in Philadel- 
phia, where other examples of Greek culture are difficult to be 
found, is an evidence in favor of Hellenic influence, at least upon 
the architect and trustees of that building. 3 
The other motive to the adoption of the same means for the 
Stratification of human wants or the exercise of human ingenuity, 
of which previous mention was made, is the identity of those 
wants and the instrumentalities of their gratification in all 
branches of the human family, including both the natural apti- 
