1886.) Zoölogy. 469 
They are much more highly specialized than they are described 
by Loven to be, and have in fact a greater specialization of parts 
than can be seen in similar organs in the Medusæ. Sounds, 
which affect the spines and pedicellariæ immediately, are not 
noted by the sphæridia, which are first to recognize the presence 
of a drop of acetic acid in the water. Mr. R. Rathbun (Proc. 
U. S. Nat. Mus.) contributès a report upon the Echini collected 
by the U. S. steamer A/éatross in the Gulf of Mexico from Jan- 
uary to March, 1885. Thirty-one species were collected in suit- 
able condition for determination. These represent seventy-eight 
dredging stations in from twenty-one to 1330 fathoms, only one 
species having been obtained in shore collecting. Seventeen 
species were additional to those obtained in 1884, yet nine species 
of that date were not found in 1885. 
Worms—Dr. von Linstow (Zeit. f. wissen. Zool.) enumerates 
fourteen courses of development known among Nematelminths, 
according to the medium in which they develop. (1) Some gen- 
pass directly into an adult form; (2) the larvæ live in the ` 
earth, the adults in plants; (3) the larve live in worms, and on 
their death pass into the earth and become adult; (4) in Spheru- 
aria bombi the adults live in the earth, and the fruitful females 
e 
forms one is aquatic, while the other inhabits the lung of __ 2 
an amphibian and 
animal 
loche. 
