1886.] 
wF 
Botany. 555 
after the buds and branches had been canvassed we took up the 
evergreens, and as a first lesson each student made a drawing of 
a branch of any pine and any spruce he might choose. This 
was followed by a study of two species of Pinus, which brought 
out the characteristics that pertain principally to branches and 
their leaves. The study of the evergreens being disposed of, in 
of course only a general way, the class took as a single field ex- 
ercise the following: Make a study of a branch bearing thorns 
and of another bearing prickles. 
It would be a pleasure to reproduce here the descriptions on a 
dozen papers, but already these notes are far longer than they 
were expected to be at the outset. Here is one, however : 
“No. 1 has large spines or thorns situated just above the lat- 
eral buds. These thorns are branched, having small thorns very 
two stems are to be of the same diameter. Make a cross-section 
of each stem and draw them four times enlarged, showing all the 
Parts. Make radial section lengthwise and draw as for cross- 
Section, 
` Each student collects his own material. A specimen paper, of 
course without the drawings, is submitted : . 
The linden (No, 1) has a small pith about sy inch in diame- 
ter, situated at or near the center. The relative thickness of 
Sp 
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