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ie —Potbrotherium labiatum Cope; five anterior cervical vertebre, showin 
ah arent x: atum Cope; five ani E > 
er jaw (Fig. 12); and thirdly, the incompleteness of the keels : 
. acter and 
2 PE co 
1886.) The Phylogeny of the Camelide. 611 
glows ere it passed beyond the Pacific, new charms were added 
to the place. We saw the beautiful crested valley quails fly on 
whirring wing from the mesas and the chaparral to the dense 
foliage of the live oak, where their leader called to the night’s 
repose; we heard the long-continued ringing note of the ground 
tit (Chamea fasciata) from the thicket by the road-side ; we heard 
—almost fe/7—the dismal, multitudinous barkings and howlings 
of a coyote that watched us from a ridge not far away, and could 
hardly believe one poor beast could carry'on such a concert; we 
saw and heard and felt a hundred beauties which delight the soul 
and fill it with happy memories. We enjoyed most the fish we 
didn’t catch. 
: 10: 
THE PHYLOGENY OF THE CAMELID. 
BY E. D. COPE. 
a is well known, the camels form a well-distinguished division 
of the Artiodactyla, or even-toed ungulates. The prominent 
ures which separate them, osteologically speaking, from other 
Artiodactyla are three, viz., the absence of a canal of the cervical 
vertebrae which in other Mammalia encloses the vertebral artery 
(Fig. 1); the presence of an incisor tooth on each side of the 
feat 
> 
Fic. T 
te rarterial canal; one-half natural size. Figs. /, posterior views oi 
ae lettered to correspond with those represented above them. Original, from 
women from White River bed of Colorado, represented in Fig. 7. 
of the distal ends of the metapodial bones (Fig. 2). This char- 
that of the presence of incisors, are primitive conditions a 
common to all the early Mammalia. The peculiar cervical verte- 
o 
nstitute a specialization, but whether degenerative or pro- 
