1886.] Geology and Paleontology. 719 
while the recent expedition explored the Pilcomayo for 350 miles 
upwards. The Rio Salado, between the Bermejo and the Pilco- 
mayo, seems to come from the vast marshes formed by the latter. 
between 22° 30’ and 23° 30’ S. lat. The water of the Salado is 
not drinkable, its banks are marshy, its breadth varies from 125 
to 130 feet, and its depth averages six. On both sides are exten- 
sive forests and fine pastures. The expedition explored 20,000 
square miles. The Central Chaco has an area of 41,780 square 
miles, and the Southern Chaco contains 60,000 square miles. 
There is a great variety of useful woods. The climate is reported 
to be healthy, the chucho or ague of Tacuman, Jujuy and other 
tropical regions being unknown. 
Ocran.—The Enterprise, Commander A. S. Barker, has run a 
line of deep-sea soundings from Wellington, N. Z., to the Straits 
of Magellan. At 118 W. long. the depth was but 1562 fathoms, 
the depth increasing east and west of this. This rise probably 
indicates a ridge from Easter island (27° o9’ S. lat., 109° 25’ W. 
long.) and Dougherty or Keates island (59° 21’ S. lat., and 119° 
07’ W. long.). This line of soundings runs very close to the ice- 
limit. The Challenger in 1875 ran a line in about 40° S. lat., and 
in the same year the German ship Gazelle executed a series of 
Soundings between that of the Challenger and that of the Enter- 
rise. , 
The U. S. Hydrographic Office has laid out a plan by which 
the entire Pacific, north of the Chadlenger’s line, can be surveyed 
y lines run at short distances apart. This will be carried out © 
from time to time by U. S. war vessels. 
GEOLOGY AND PALAIONTOLOGY. 
1 
SCHLOSSER ON THE PHYLOGENY OF THE UNGULATE MAMMALIA. 
—We have in this memoir a comprehensive review of a subject 
u Í 
ee geologist and palzontologist, Professor Zittel. Be- _ 
3 *Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Stammesgeschichte der Hufthiere und Versuch einer 
Systematik der Paar- und Unpaarhufer, Von Max Schlosser. Morphologisches 
