1886. ] Anthropology. 831 
by a lateral strain. It is connected with the fore-shaft or the shaft by an assem- 
3 Sop is short in a darting harpoon and long in one used to strike seals 
under the 
MARTINGALE, a line attached by its ends to the nee brace se near the extremeties, 
and fastened in the middle to the harpoon-line 
RETRIEVING-HARPOON, a light ee used almost exclusively for retrieving seals 
that have been shot in the ater. One end of the io is made fast to the shaft 
close to the head, the caer end is held by T hun 
SEAL-DART, a barbed harpoon launched from a Bereit ak The line is perma- 
nently attached to the shaft which is so mounted as to serve as a float or drag. 
~ anaehy a cavity in the base of a toggle-head to receive the front end of the 
loose shaft. 
SHANK, the part of a barbed-head which fits into the socket. 
saya cavity ~ the front of a harpoon fore-shaft to receive the barbed head or 
oose shaft 
Townes, a device for hurling a harpoon or spear. Its essential parts are 
th in w ag ch the shaft of the weapon lies and the hook or eyelet to hold 
against he 
Tietesta00%, a harpoon in which the head is fitted to the shaft in such a ma 
ner that w paiva into the a A of the animal it turns like a toggle under eaf 
skin, so a it cannot be withdr 
TOGGLE E-HEAD, the of a harpoon which enters ar body of the animal, turns at 
right angles and pis as a toggle in preyentin g5 cape. It consists of a yan 
blade, The body is of hone or ivory made in the rae of a parre conoid or 
hexagonal prism, with the base cut off obligadi so as t gee ong sharp spur 
or barb, which in turn may be split into two or more poin 
— Fohn Murdoch, U. S. Nat. Mus. 
ANTHROPOLOGY IN Brazit.—The sixth volume of Archivo do 
Museo Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, dated 1885, contains the fol- 
lowing papers: s 
Contributions to the ethnology of the valley of the Amazons. 1. Sambaquis of the 
Amazon, By Charles Frederick Hart. . I-174. 
The man of the Sambaquis. By Dr. J. B. de Lacerda. pp. 175-20 
New Actor ait studies upon the Botocudos, By Dr. J. op ete Peixoto, pp. 
—— upon the archzology of Brazil. By Dr. Ladislau Netto. pp. 257- 
This volume of archivos is a monument commemorative of the 
Anthropological Exposition of Brazil, opened 29th July, 1882, 
under the auspices of the National Museum, of which Dr. Ladis- 
u Netto is director. 
S She first part contains ethnological papers by Prof. Ch. Fred. 
Hartt, many hitherto iniedited, supplemented by his pupil, Orville 
wey. M. Lacerda compares the Botocudos of the Sambaquis 
(Brazilian Kjokkenmédding) be the south with those of the Rio 
Doce and d discovers curious affinities between the two types and 
the man of Lagoa Santa. M. Peixoto concludes that no type 
yet examined in Brazil presents the essential characters of a race. 
Soh As that a great mixing has long been going on among 
th A ienaa populations. The plastic forms of the primordial 
i 
