1058 General Notes. [ December, 
published in 1880, it is reported as eaten by young Morone in- 
terrupta and Micropierus pallidus, and again by Dorysoma. In 
the AMERICAN NATURALIST for August, 1882, it is further report- 
ed from both ends of Lake Michigan and from numerous small 
lakes—one only half a mile wide and not over twenty feet deep. 
In this lake, I remember, it was rather abundant. In Cedar lake, 
in Northern Illinois, we took it at night with Corethra larve, but 
we made our most notable haul of this species in Mendola lake, 
at Madison, Winconsin, where we captured hundreds in the tow- 
ing net on a bright summer day in 1885. ft may be expect- 
ingly sought wherever, in permanent and rather deep water, suf- 
ficient numbers of the smaller soft-bodied Entomostraca occur 
to give it a fair chance for prey. It is not a swift swimmer, and 
its food must be abundant.—S. A. Forbes. 
BLOOD oF INVERTEBRATES.—Dr. Howell, in Johns Hopkins 
“Studies,” describes the blood of the king-crab, soft-shell crab, 
and a species of holothurian. In Limulus the blood is alkaline, 
quickly coagulating. It contains fine albumens which coagulate at 
different temperatures but which all belong to the globulin group. 
They resemble but are not identical with paraglobulin. Coagula- 
tion in the blood of Limulus results by the union of the corpuscles, 
and the existence of a coagulative ferment has not yet been 
proved. The fibrin is much like that of mammals in its solubility. 
zmocyanin certainly contains copper. In Neptunus (= Calli- 
nectes), the blood is alkaline but coagulates less quickly than 
that of Limulus. It contains two albumens to be classed among 
the globulins, and the coagulation is more complete than in the 
king-crab. The fibrin is very different from that of Limulus, and 
of it Dr. Howell says: “The difference seems to me to be too 
wide to suppose any close relationship between the two forms, 
especially as they have the same general environments ; but un- 
tila series of similar observations is made on the scorpion or 
some arachnid, we will not have sufficient evidence to make any 
just inferences with regard to the relationship of these forms— 
that is, from the standpoint here assumed.” In the holothurian, 
which was identified as Thyonella gemmata, two kinds of cor- 
puscles were recognized, a red, hamoglobin-bearing nucleated 
oval form and a spherical white nucleated form Coagulation © 
was occasioned by the fusion of the white corpuscles, the red not 
taking part in the formation of a coagulum except as they were 
entangled in the meshes of the other. . 
In another article in the same publication Dr. Howell notices 
the existence of hæmoglobin in this holothurian, the second dis- 
covery of this element of the blood in any echinoderm. 
_ coagulates at a lower temperature (56°—-60° C.) than that of ee 
_ brates, and is precipitated by a one per cent solution of ease 
- acid. Foettinger’s observations on the existence of hemoglobi 
