190 8] Proceedings of N. C. Academy of Science 
51 
in every county in the state but it cannot be presumed that it is in 
every locality, — and there is every reason to believe that many 
individual premises are not yet infested by it. . 
In at least seventeen communities it is generally distributed, 
having been found in a number of orchards or perhaps in all. In 
the west, it is known in the counties of Cherokee, Haywood, 
Mitchell and Watauga, — and in the east in the counties of Bruns- 
wick, New Hanover, Carteret and Pasquotank. It is found only 
a few feet above sea-level, and at an elevation of 4,000 ft. 
According to present records the worst-infested counties are as 
follows in order of infestation: Catawba, Surry, Guilford, Moore, 
Gaston, Wake and Polk. 
Concerning the Difference of Behavior of Soil Organisms When in 
Solution and When in Soils. F. L. Stevens and W. A. 
Withers of the N. C. Experiment Station, Raleigh. 
(A prelimiminary Report of work done by F. L. Stevens and 
W. A. Withers assisted by W- A. Symeand J. C. Temple.) 
Results of numerous experiments were adduced to show that 
the activities of ammonifying, nitrifying, denitrifying and nitrogen 
gathering bacteria are different in soils from what they are in 
solutions and that no adequate knowledge of the efficiency of 
these various soil organisms in effecting chemical change can be 
attained by tests conducted in solutions. Even the relative 
powers of different organisms or of different soils is largely affected 
by the conditions of the test. It seems therefore that in the study 
of soil bacteria the work must be done with soils, rather than with 
solutions or at least that frequent controls or checks in soil must 
be made. 
