iyo 8 ] Forestry Problems of N. C. Banks 133 
ing tops of trees protruding above the sand considerably to the 
windward of the crest of the leeward dune. 
To control and fix these sands will require most careful treat- 
ment and an expense entirely disproportionate to the value of the 
reclaimed land and of the forest lands in the lea. So long as the 
present conditions in respect to laws and the ownership of the 
greater part of the area exists protective measures are impossible. 
In addition to the enactmen of stock laws as recommended above, 
it is recommended that the state acquire by purchase a strip of the 
forest land in the lea of the dunes not less than 500 and preferably 
1,00 feet wide and extending along the entire area so far as the 
forest occurs. When this has been done the active measures look- 
ing to the control of the sands may be put into effect. 
The Fixation of the Sands 
The permanent reclamation of the sand waste depends upon two 
things: (1) Since the source of supply of the sand is inexhaust- 
ible, a barrier must be provided near the beach to prevent new 
supplies of sand which are brought up by the surf from being 
blown inland. (2) The loose moving sand in the lee of this pro- 
posed barrier must be permanently fixed by growing forests. 
The success of all work relative to the satisfactory growth of the 
trees and consequent binding of the sand depends upon the barrier 
and past experience has established that this barrier is most satis- 
factory, if it consist of a littoral dune of proper height built up by 
sand which is arrested by means of mechanical obstructions and 
held in place by suitable sand -bin ding grasses. It should be built 
up parallel to the shore line and not nearer than 100 feet to 
high water mark. 
When the work of fixation is complete, the entire area with the 
exception of the strip between the barrier dune and the shore line 
will be covered by a forest. The strip to the windward of the bar- 
rier must be held in place by the planting of grass. When the for- 
est has been established, it should be cared for according to usual 
forest practice. 
It will be impossible to establish a forest directly upon the drift- 
ing sand either by sowing the seed or by setting out young trees, 
since the blowing sand either uncovers the seed or buries it too 
