to this from the outside was a track in the centre of which 

 was a bullock's hair (its identification was unmistakable). 

 Apparently a foreign body, probably a stake, had penetrated 

 the hide and wall of the nest, had carried in with it a hair 

 or hairs from the surface, and had left behind it on with- 

 drawal these latter as well as a fragment of its point. In 

 the cavity occupied by these foreign bodies were a few 

 embryos and eggs, showing that the central worm-mass 

 had been itself injured. 



; ly died and become in part calcified, as evidenced 

 by gritty matter, effervescing with acid, which was col- 

 lected in small masses resembling the coils of the worm. 

 In other cases where the worm had died, the parasite was 

 soft and becoming yellowish, and the surrounding tissue 

 was also degenerated. 



We have not seen any appearances other than the above 

 mentioned simple calcification, which at all resemble the 

 lesions of tuberculosis or actinomycosis, and further we have 

 not found tubercle bacilli in such degenerated worm-nests. 

 Barnard and Park, however, state that in 70 cattle 

 slaughtered and examined by them, "tumours and absceses, 

 varying in size from a walnut to a cocoanut, were found in 

 all parts of the body, throat and neck, brisket, intestines, 

 etc.; and while some were hard, others were softened down 

 into purulent matter, but in each case . . the contents 

 were encysted in a firm fibrous cyst wall." They then say 

 that " these singular growths and abscesses" resembled in 

 many features "tubercular masses, or those swellings due 

 to the presence of actinomyces " but that " it was surpris- 

 ing to find them entirely due to the presence of a parasitic 

 worm, which resembled the Spiroptera reticulata of the 

 horse." Under a low power of the microscope, they saw 

 "calcareous worm-casts" amongst the debris of purulent 



