But that the coloured races have their own disabilities, 

 and are also subject to the influence of malaria, is evidenced 

 by the fact, pointed out by Sir Patrick Manson, that in 

 Africa many of the Chinese labourers on the Congo railway 

 had died of African haemoglobimiric fever. These men 

 were, equally with white men, outside their ordinary 

 climatic environment, and their capacity of resistance to 

 disease was doubtless less than that of white men in similar 

 circumstances. 



National Theories of Colonization.— Now, in the past, 

 colonies peopled from European nations have been formed 

 under three main conditions (1) as a possession or estate, 

 to be exploited in the interest of the mother nation, such 

 as Java in relation to the Netherlands ; (2) as a necessary 

 expansion of territory, such as that of France in Africa ; 

 and (3) as territories held as those under the dominion of 

 the English race, on a basis permitting of the ultimate 

 expansion of the colonies into States of the modern type 

 by a scheme of federal authority, despite the many partial 

 failures in bygone days. The German writer, F. List, says 2 



"England has got into her possession the keys of every sea, and 

 placed a sentry over every nation." List further declared (p. 270) 

 that "all Asiatic countries of the torrid zone will pass gradually 

 under the dominion of the manufacturing commercial nations of 

 the temperate zone ; the islands of the torrid zone which are at 

 present dependent colonies, can hardly ever liberate themselves 

 from that condition; and the states of South America will always 

 remain dependent to a certain d< -give on the manufacturing com- 

 mercial nations." 



On this point Mr. Kidd has remarked, that— 



"Railing otl' of immense regions in the tropics, under the policy 

 which has suggested their acquirement, regions tending in the 

 absence of white colonists to simply revert to the type of States 

 worked for gain. ... to the exclusion of the rest of the world." 



1 "The National System of Political Economy," 1881, p. iG, 



