ous, but the topography has not been examined systematic- 

 ally, and it will be many years before a complete list of 

 even the more important faults aud flexures is obtainable. 

 Only a few are here mentioned. The physiographic criteria 

 by which the faults here considered have been recognised 



(a) Dissection of faulted blocks.— Frequently two plateau 

 blocks are found separated by an escarpment. The surface 

 of the lower block forms a local baselevel for the drainage 

 of the upper block. In such cases deep canons may be 

 seen receding simultaneously along both blocks, the canons 



the higher [upfaulted] blocks. Examples, the Kosciusko, 

 Guy Pawkes, Darling Downs, and other plateaus. 



(b) Similarity of ropor/mp/i// upon two or more plateau 

 blocks when escarpments separate the various uplifted 

 masses. Before a peneplain is forme' I in a raided land mass 



if several land surfaces exist at various levels, all possess- 

 ing similar typographical features and each separated from 

 the other by an abrupt change of slope, then it is reason- 

 able to conclude that the various surfaces represent the 

 faulting of a once continuous land surface. 1 In a previous 

 paper (Tertiary History of New England) the writer con- 

 sidered certain levels, such as the Bolivia Plain, to be pene- 

 plains of two distinct ages. These however, merely repre- 

 sent faulted and Hexed blocks of the late Tertiary peneplain 

 in New England. There are, it is true, traces everywhere 

 throughout eastern Australia of two distinct surfaces of 

 erosion, but the number of true peneplain surfaces cannot be 

 indefinitely extended, the highest members almost without 

 exception being fault blocks. It would appear, in fact, that 



(a) pp. 344, 315. 



