boiled with alcoholic potash, required 0'0756 gram KOH, 

 representing a saponification number 24'57. As the ester 

 originally present in the oil gave S.N. 19'54, (20-8-l*26), 

 the ester formed by the free acid had a saponification 

 number ;V03 representing 1*2^ of free alcohol if calculated 

 as cinnamyl. No indication of methyl or other low boiling 

 alcohol could be detected when the products of saponifica- 

 tion were distilled. 



The Phellandrene.— The crude oil was always slightly 

 laevo-rotatory, but no low boiling terpene could be well 

 separated by direct distillation. However, by steam dis- 

 tilling the saponified oil, it was possible to recover the 

 small quantity of the terpene to which the activity of the 

 crude oil is due. The saponified oil from 200 cc. of the 

 March distillate was rapidly steam distilled for about one 

 hour, by which time 13 cc. had come over ; it contained 

 much methyl-eugenol, shown hv oxidising to veratrio acid 

 and other tests, but practically the whole of the active 

 terpene had distilled, the distillate being laevo-rotatory 

 Od - 6°. The bulk oil remaining in the flask was inactive 

 to light. Cineoi could not be detected in this portion. 



The oil which came over with the steam was then directly 

 distilled, it commenced to distil at 173° O., and by 185° 0. 

 3 cc. I ad been obtained. This fraction was colourless, 

 mobile and had a terpene odour. The specific gravity at 

 21° O. was 0-8905; the rotation «„ - 14*7°; and the refractive 

 index at 20° 0. = 1*483. The colour reaction for sylvestrene 

 and carvestrene was not given. The refractive index, 

 together with the boiling point suggested phellandrene, 

 and w ten the oil was treated with nitrous acid in the 

 ordinary way, it soon became quite solid. The solid mass 

 was plued on a porous plate, and the white crystalline 

 nitrite afterwards purified from chloroform by precipitating 

 with alcohol. The crystals melted at 120° O. This is a 



