KUNGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 6!. N:R || 



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remain attached to the substratum if the bladder is torn loose, as they adhere 

 firmly by means of numerous rhizoids. I have also observed j^oung thalli, hardly 

 more than a few mm across, transformed into a bladder, which may explain the 



Fig. 12. Ccepidium anlarcticum: a part of horizontal thallus with erect fronds, nat. size; b cross section of erect frond 

 (»Chordaria»-shoot), X HO; C bladder, X "2, d same from the other side ; e transition zone (i ) between solid branch and 

 bladder, X Tö; f haire, X 400; g gametangia-bearing, still solid frond, X 30; Il ripe gametangia and large sterile cells; X 400. 



occurrence of free bladders without any visible connection with the normal cylindrical 

 branches. The structure of the transition zone between a solid branch and a bladder 

 does not allow of an}'' other explanation than that the latter originates on the 

 former and is not a separate organism; see fig. 12 e! 



