KUNGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 59- N:0 |. 19 



Fam. Turbinariidae. 



Turbinaria crater (Pallas 1766). 



Madrepora crater Pallas 1766, Eleuchus Zooph., p. 332. 



Turbinaria crater Bernard 1896 (3), p. 23, plates I; XXXI, fig. 1. 



There are five specimens of this species. 



1. 45 railes W.S.W. off Cape Jaubert, 30 5.11, 72 foet. 



2. Cape Jaubert. 



3. 45 miles W.S.W. off Cape Jaubert. 

 4. 



5. 



1. The colony is slightly cup-shaped and somewhat folded. It consists of a 

 quite small (27 x 34 mm), stalked, thin lamina; height of the cup (the stalk is bro- 

 ken. off) 10 mm. 



Calices 35 per 4 cm 2 , not at all or very little exsert, turned cutwards; apertures 

 elliptical; large diameter 1,7 mm; the concentric arrangements not very marked. 



Septa 20 — 24, granulated and tliick. Columella convex, oval, and spongious but 

 rather dense. The ridges.of the coenenchyma long, continuous and rather crowded. 



2. The colony forms a folded cup, which has grown on a shell of a pearl-oyster 

 with a stout and short stalk; average diameter 22 cm; height 7,5 cm. 



There are generally 42 calices per 4 cm 2 ; they are arranged in concentric lines, 

 are usually turned outwards, and have round or elliptical apertures; the diameters of 

 those in the midclle of the corallum 1,25 mm, of the others 1,75 mm. Most of them are 

 a little exsert över the surface; the central ones, however, are perfectly depressed. 



20 — 24 granulated septa project into the calice, sloping towards the centre. Co- 

 lumella spongious, coenenchyma ordinary. 



3. and 4. The colonies have the shape of irregular cups with short, bulky stalks, 

 are somewhat folded, and the relatively thin laminae form radiating, short keels (no. 

 3) or protuberances (no. 4); diameter about 22 cm in no. 3, 32 cm in no. 4; height 11,5 

 cm respectively 13,5 cm. 



No. 3 has 28 calices on an average and no. 4 41 per 4 cm 2 , arranged in concentric 

 lines. In the centre of no. 4 calices are lacking. The apertures are perpendicular to 

 the surface (no. 3) or turned slightly outwards (no. 4), round or slenderly oval, 1,5 — 2 mm 

 in diameter, slightly (no. 4), or scarcely at all, exsert (no. 3) över the surface of 

 the colony. 



Septa generally 20 (no. 3) or 24 (no. 4), thicker towards the periphery and growing 

 thinner towards the centre. They are strongly granulated, whereby the interseptal 

 spaces are rendered very narrow; they project far into the fossa, and hence are very 

 marked. Columella convex, spongious or consisting of a more or less great number of 

 granulae. The coenenchyma looks very dense; in no. 4 the ridges are longer than in 

 no. 3, and are also somewhat thicker. 



