KUNGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 59. NIO 3. 61 



the side of the oesophageal portion, protracted to a coecal appendage lined with the 

 same sort of epithelium as the stomach itself and curving slightly downwards. This 

 feature is present in both specimens examined. Beneath it there debouch two liver 

 ducts on the left side of the central division of the stomach, coming from the upper, 

 the frontal and the lateral parts of the liver, and on the right side likewise two 

 corresponding branches. This is also the case in both specimens, though in the 

 larger one the left ducts are considerably wider than the right ones. Beneath the 

 oesophageal portion of the stomach the roots of the above-mentioned liver ducts 

 separate from the stomach and descend, symmetrically, as two principal ducts 

 receiving branches from the lateral parts of the liver. A large liver duct coming 

 from behind debouches in the middle of the right side of the central part. Farther 

 below, the anterior median protraction of the stomach situated between the two 

 lateral principal liver ducts, detaches a third descending liver canal, which fulfills 

 the part of the lateral ones, which now disappear. At the same level the posterior 

 part of the pyloric portion is separated from the centra] part by an intruding fold 

 and forms a short and broad coecum. The median liver duct and the right post- 

 erior one penetrate far down into the liver, the former in its frontal part, the latter 

 in the portion situated behind the stomach. 



Beneath the points where the posterior pyloric sac and the anterior liver duct 

 separate, the stomach passes into the duodenum. This has its narrower or intestinal 

 furrow on the right and the broader one (or the coecum of the crystalline style to 

 which it seems to correspond) on the left. The duodenum descends into the »pouch», 

 where it passes into the intestine by a simple curvation to the right. The intestine 

 is somewhat widened in the middle into a sort of colon and passes as usual through 

 the heart, terminating as the rectum in the anal chamber. 



The liver is situated with its umbonal parts quite symmetrically outside the 

 stomach ; farther down the right portion of it retains its great expansion on the 

 posterior side of the duodenum, but the left part remains only in front of it, and 

 penetrates deeper. This asymmetry is caused by the fact that the duodenum is 

 situated chiefly at the left side of the body. 



It is remarkable that in the upper part of the alimentary system there prevails 

 in the present species, contrary to the rule in Chamidae, an almost complete symmetry, 

 which however becomes distorted in the lower part of the intestinal canal. 



The circulatory system (fig. 73). The dorsal trunk of the anterior aorta 

 passes to the left of the stomach and descends on the left side of the oesophagus 

 to a short distance above the mouth, where it sends a branch forward which passes 

 just inside the left cerebral ganglion and continues to the adductor; its remaining 

 trunk penetrates into the foot as the arteria pedalis. 



The descending aorta trunk runs, as usual, on the left side of the intestine 

 till it arrives to the duodenum where it bifurcates under the end of the pyloric sac, 

 and encloses the duodenum; the two vessels follow the front and the back sides of 

 the duodenum deep into the foot. 



Nervous system (fig. 74). The cerebral ganglia are situated at the same 



