TESTS OF WESTERN YELLOW PINE CAR SILLS, ETC. 



from the large beams were cut into a number of sections, in order to 

 determine the distribution of the moisture in the timber. The pro- 

 portion of moisture was found by multiplying the difference between 

 the original and dry weights by 100 and dividing the result by the 

 dry weight of the wood. 



WEIGHT PER CUBIC FOOT OVEN DRY. 



The weight per cubic foot oven dry is based on the volume when 

 tested and the weight oven dry. It does not represent the actual 

 weight of wood in any condition of seasoning, and is used merely as 

 an indication of the density of the material tested. 



Table 1. — Results of tests of 5-inch by 8-inch by 16-foot car sills, western yellow 

 pine, 15-foot span, third-point loading. Green. 



Grade. 

 (Pacific Coast Lum- 



Number 



of 



tests. 



Rings 

 per 

 inch. 



Moisture. 



Weight per cubic 

 foot. 



Fiber 

 stress at 

 elastic 

 limit per 

 square 

 inch. 



Modulus 



of 

 rupture 



per 

 square 

 inch. 



Modulus 



of 

 elasticity 



ber Manufacturers 

 Association Rules 

 for 1911.) 



As 

 tested. 



Oven 

 dry. 



per 

 square 

 inch. 



Select: 



6 

 11 



26 



18.0 

 21.5 

 14.2 



15.3 

 21.0 



9.7 



14.4 

 17.5 

 10.7 



15.6 

 21.5 



9.7 



Per cent. 

 50.7 

 62.0 

 33.5 



37.1 

 56.9 



26.2 



34.4 

 54.3 

 26.9 



. 39.3 

 62.0 

 26.2 



Pounds. 

 38.0 

 43.8 

 33.3- 



36.1 

 43.7 

 29.3 



33.6 

 35.8 

 30.2 



35.7 

 43.8 

 29.3 



Pounds. 

 25.2 

 28.2 

 22.4 



26.4 

 32.0 

 23.2 



25.1 

 26.9 

 21.9 



25.7 



32.0 



21.9 



Per cent. 



100 



105 



100 



Pounds. 

 3,167 

 3,850 

 2,400 



2,828 

 3,740 

 2,040 



2,432 

 3,110 

 1,805 



2,769 



3,850 



1,805 



Per cent. 



100 



89 



77 



Pounds. 

 4,910 

 5,840 

 4,055 



4,745 

 5,750 

 3,830 



4,100 

 4,935 

 3,060 



4,560 



5,840 



3,060 



Per cent. 



100 



97 



84 



Thou- 

 sands of 

 pounds. 

 1,455 



Maximum 



Minimum 



Merchantable: 



1,808 

 1,140 



1,224 



Maximum 



Minimum 



Common: 



1,436 

 990 



1,125 



Maximum 



Minimum 



All grades: 



1,240 

 866 



1,243 



Maximum 



Minimum 



1,808 



866 



Per cent. 



100 



Merchantable, average 









84 









77 









1*" 





Table 2. — Results of tests of 5-inch by 8-inch by 16-foot car sills, loestem yellow 

 pine, 15-foot span, third-point loading. Air seasoned. 



Grade. 



Number 



of 



tests. 



Rings 

 per 

 inch. 



Moisture. 



Weight per cubic 

 foot. 



Fiber 

 stress at 

 elastic 

 limit per 

 square 

 inch. 



Modulus 



of 

 rupture 



per 

 square 

 inch. 



Modulus 



of 

 elasticity 



As 

 tested. 



Oven 

 dry. 



per 

 square 

 inch. 



Select: 



3 



13 



23 



16.6 

 21.2 

 13.5 



14.8 

 21.5 

 12.1 



15.1 

 19..5 

 12.0 



15.2 

 21.5 

 12.0 



Per cent. 

 12.7 

 13.4 



11.4 



12.6 

 14.9 

 11.0 



12.5 

 12.9 

 11.6 



12.6 

 14.9 

 11.0 



Pounds. 

 29.9 

 30.7 

 28.9 



30.6 

 36.3 

 26.6 



30.6 

 32.8 

 25.1 



30.6 

 36.3 

 25.1 



Pounds. 

 26.5 

 27.2 

 25.9 



27.2 

 32.7 



23.7 



27.2 

 29.0 

 22.5 



27.2 

 32.7 

 22.5 



Per cent. 

 100 

 103 

 103 



Pounds. 

 4,020 

 5,120 

 2,820 



4,136 

 5,760 

 2,713 



3,552 



4,780 

 2,610 



3,976 



5,760 



2,610 



Per cent. 



100 



103 



88 



Pounds. 

 6,260 

 7,760 

 4,460 



6,395 

 9,730 

 3,895 



5, 546 



7,780 

 4,495 



6,119 



9, 730 



3,895 



Per cent. 



100 



102 



89 



Thou- 

 sands of 

 pounds. 

 1,614 



Maximum 



Minimum 



Merchantable: 



1,720 

 1,548 



1,503 



Maximum 



Minimum 



Common: 



1,909 

 1,191 



1,514 



Maximum 



Minimum 



All grades: 



Average 



Maximum 



Minimum 



Select, average 



1,988 

 1,245 



1,521 



1,988 



1, 191 



Per cent. 



100 



Merchantable, average 











93 



Common, average 











94 















