THE CATTLE GRUBS OR OX WARBLES 15 
skins are seldom classified as regards grubs. On this market it is 
customary to place all packer hides with five or more grub holes in 
grade No. 2 and discount them 1 cent per pound. With a country 
APRN ERS 
Fie. 3.—‘‘ Grubby ” hide after being tanned, practically ruined by holes made by 
cattle grubs in most valuable part 
hide, one grub hole makes a No. 2. Some recognize a No. 3 grade, 
placing in it all hides with more than 10 grub holes. Extremely 
grubby hides are frequently called “ pepper boxes” (fig. 3) and are 
sold as glue stock at one-half price. The discount for grub holes in 
