THE APPLE INDUSTRY IN FREDERICK COUNTY, VA. 



13 



total of 44 acres in crops other than apples. A large proportion of 

 the intercropped area of the orchard was planted to corn each year. 

 Hay was the next important interplanted crop. In addition, small 

 acreages of small grains were planted in several of the orchards. 



Table 11. 



■Distribution of acreage per farm on 48 orchard farms; average for 1916- 

 1920 



Classification of farm acreage 



Waste land 



Woodland not pastured 



Permanent pasture 



Rotation pasture .. 



Idle crop land 



Apples, bearing age 



Apples, nonbearing age. 



Corn... 



Wheat 



Hay 



Rye 



Oats 



Barley 



Other crops 



Total per farm... 



A cres 



4 



8 



10 



5 



1 



45 



16 



9 



9 



8 



1 



2 



1 



1 



140 



I'll; 



Acres 



4 



8 



20 



5 



1 



49 



23 



12 



139 



1918 



Acres 

 5 



138 



1919 



Acres 



1920 



Acres 

 5 



135 



Average, 

 1916-1920 



Acres 



0) 



1 No acreage in certain years. 



Bearing orchards increased 15 acres per farm during the period 

 of the study. This increase was almost entirely counterbalanced by 

 a decrease of 13 acres in the size of orchard not of bearing age. The 

 average for the 48 farms in 1916 was 45 acres of bearing and 26 

 acres of nonbearing orchard, whereas in 1920 there were 60 acres of 

 bearing and 13 acres of nonbearing orchard. There was no signifi- 

 cant variation in the average acreage of other crops from 1916 to 

 1920. 



The numbers of bearing orchards of various sizes are shown in 

 Table 18. Twelve orchards had less than 25 acres, 18 had between 

 26 and 50 acres, 7 had between 51 and 75 acres, 7 had between 76 

 and 100 acres, and 4 had an excess of 100 acres of trees of bearing 

 age. The median orchard had 36 acres of bearing trees. 



LIVESTOCK 



A majority of the orchard farms kept some livestock other than 

 work stock, but there were several that kept nothing but work 

 animals. In Table 12 is a summary of the number of farms report- 

 ing each class of livestock (not including work animals) and the 

 average number of the various classes kept. Only a few farms kept 

 more than just enough livestock, in addition to the work stock, to 

 supply the needs of the owner and tenant families. 



