10 BULLETIN 1455, U. S. DEPAKTMEXT OF AGRICULTUBE 



Table 6. — Apples planted on 48 orchard farms, 1880-1921 



Year 



1880 and earlier 



1881-1885 



1886-1890 



1891-1895 



1896-1900 



1901-1905 



1906-1910 



1911-1915 



1916-1921 



Acres 

 planted 



Cumula- 

 tive 

 acreage 



Percentage 

 of total 



trees 

 planted 

 during 

 stated 

 periods 



Cumula- 

 tive 

 percent- 



Number 



Number 



18 



18 



53 



71 



183 



254 



161 



415 



680 



1,095 



1,039 



2,134 



726 



2,860 



625 



3,485 



163 



3,648 



Per cent 



Per cent 

 1 

 2 

 7 

 11 

 30 

 59 

 79 

 96 

 100 



Table 7. — Distribution of acreage in bearing orchard, by age of trees on 48 orchard 



farms, 1920 



Age of trees (years) 



Percentage 

 of total 

 trees in 

 bearing 



Percentage 

 Age of trees (years) j*£*g 

 : bearing 



10-14 



Per cent 

 27 

 36 

 19 



Per cent 

 30 and over..- . -------- . 10 



15-19 





20-24 



All ages ... .. 100 



25-29 



8 





VARIETIES OF APPLES 



A large proportion of the bearing acreage on the 48 farms was in 

 York Imperial in 1920 (Table 8). This variety occupied 59 per cent 

 of the total acres of bearing trees. The Ben Davis, next in importance, 

 occupied 22 per cent of the total bearing acreage; these two varieties 

 constituted 81 per cent of the total bearing acreage. Yellow New- 

 town (Albemarle Pippin), Stayman Winesap, Grimes Golden, and 

 Baldwin added 10 per cent more to the bearing acreage, giving 91 

 per cent of the bearing acreage set in blocks of well-known varieties. 

 Miscellaneous and unknown varieties occurred in small numbers, 

 scattered through a large number of orchards. The miscellaneous 

 group contained the following varieties: Northwestern Greening, 

 Smokehouse, Yellow Transparent, Wealthy, Arkansas (Mammoth 

 Black Twig), King David, and Rome Beauty. 



Recent plantings indicated some changes in varieties. The acre- 

 age in orchards not of bearing age consisted of 35 per cent York 

 Imperial, 24 per cent Stayman Winesap, 6 per cent Jonathan, 5 per 

 cent Ben Davis, 5 per cent Grimes Golden, 3 per cent Yellow New- 

 town, 15 per cent miscellaneous, and 7 per cent unknown (Table 8). 

 The miscellaneous varieties included, besides those mentioned in the 

 bearing group, Gravenstein, Delicious, Mcintosh, Red Astrachan, 

 Oldenburg (Duchess of Oldenburg), and several summer varieties. 



In recent plantings there had been a tendency to get away from 

 the Ben Davis and to put only 35 per cent of the new plantings into 

 York Imperial, whereas 59 per cent of the bearing acreage is in this 

 variety. On the other hand, 24 per cent of the nonbearing apple 

 acreage of these 48 orchards was planted to Stayman Winesap as 



