U. S. D. A., B. E. Bui. 84, Part X. Issued November 12, 1910. 



SOME MISCELLANEOUS RESULTS OF THE WORK 

 OF THE BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY-IX. 



THE PECAN CIGAR CASE-BEARER. 



(Coleophora carysefolieUa Clem.) 



By H. M. Russell. 

 Agent and Expert. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Among the insects of minor importance that affect the pecan, the 

 pecan cigar case-bearer (Coleophora carysrfolieUa Clem.) is probably 

 met with in groves more than any other species. At times the insect 

 occurs in such numbers as to defoliate entire trees, checking their 

 growth and considerably reducing the crop of nuts. In the future 

 this insect is likely to cause increasing damage as the acreage in 

 pecans increases, and it may become as great a pest to the pecan as 

 Coleophora Ji etcher ella Fernald is to the apple. The occurrence of this 

 insect in large numbers at Orlando, Fla., during the spring of 1909 

 presented the opportunity of studying it, and the results are given 

 in this article. The dates for appearance of the different stages are 

 for that locality. These dates will undoubtedly vary as we go north- 

 ward. 



EARLY HISTORY. 



Clemens 10 first described this species in 1 861 . as Coleophora can/sefo- 

 liella, from larvae found feeding in their cases on leaves of hickory 

 during the fall. lie gave a short description of the larva and case, 

 but did not succeed in rearing the adult. 



In 1872 Clemens's original description'-' was republished in his 

 "Tineina of North America,'' edited by II. T. Stainton. 



Chambers, 3 in 1874, described the adult under the name Coleophora 

 rufoluteella, from specimens captured in Kentucky in June. 



Writing again in 1878, Chambers 4 places his rufoluteella as a 

 synonym under carysefolieUa. He wrote at that time: -('. rufoluteella 

 Cham, is known only from captured specimens. I am. however, 

 utterly unable to distinguish it from specimens bred by me in the 

 latter part of June from larval cases found feeding on hickory leaves 



a The numbers in superior type refer to corresponding numbers m the appended 

 bibliography, p. 86. 



79 



