THE PECAN CIGAR CASE-BEAK 1 SR. 



81 



In the Bureau of Entomology and the CJ. S. National Museum there 

 are specimens from McPherson, Ala.; Victoria, Tex.; Pittsburg, Pa.; 



Hampton, N. II. ; Washington, I). ('.; Virginia; and New York. 



From these records of capture and injury, this insect seems to be 

 distributed throughout the Austroriparian fauna! area of the United 

 States and may also 

 extend into the Caro- 

 linian and into the 

 lower edge of the 

 Alleghanian areas. 



FOOD PLANTS. 



The pecan cigar 

 case-bearer feeds 

 principally on nut- 

 bearing trees, and of 

 these it has been ob- 

 served feeding on 

 walnut, pecan, and 

 hickory. It has been 

 doubtfully recorded 

 on dogwood and 

 Prunus americana. 



CHARACTER OF IN- 

 JURY. 



Damage by the pe- 

 can cigar case-bearer 

 occurs during the 

 early spring, prin- 

 cipally to budded 

 trees, and is due to 

 the feeding of the 

 larvae on the tender 

 buds and unfolding 

 leaves. Where this 

 insect is very abun- 

 dant it causes injury 

 in two ways. If the 

 buds are backward in opening, the larvae leave the twigs where they 

 have hibernated, and crawling to the swelling buds attack them and 

 eat out the contents, so that the life is destroyed, and before the tree 

 can put out its foliage the dormant buds must develop. Figure 23, taken 

 May 6, 1909, shows pecan twigs with buds destroyed by these larva- 



Fio. 23.— Pecan twin's with buds and young lea\ 

 cigar case-bearer | Coleophora caryxfoliella). 



s killed by pecan 

 (Original. 



