SOME MISCELLANEOUS RESULTS OF THE WORK OF THE 

 DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY. 



THE SAN JOSE SCALE ON DRIED FRUIT. 



By L. O. Howard. 



We have made little mention as yet in the publications of the Divi- 

 sion of the recent actions by foreign governments in prohibiting the 

 importation of American plants and fruits on account of the danger of 

 introducing the San Jose scale. In Bulletin 12, new series, we gave 

 the German edict of February 5, which prohibited living plants and 

 their packing as well as fresh fruit when examination of the latter 

 indicated the presence of the scale. A later edict included fruit waste 

 (cores and skins), a by-product of evaporated apples. Still later, cus- 

 toms authorities were notified to allow the importation of whole unpeeled 

 dried fruit from the United States without previous examination for 

 the presence of the San Jose scale only when, without exception, it is 

 wholly dry, hard, and brittle, so that without difficulty it can be rubbed 

 fine in the hand. 



Measures adopted by the Austro-Hungarian Government in April 

 were prohibitive only in so far as related to the importation of living 

 plants, grafts, and layers, and also the packing and cover with which 

 they were shipped. Measures adopted about the same time by the 

 Canadian Government prohibited only nursery stock. A comprehen- 

 sive law adopted by the Government of the Netherlands did not take 

 action regarding dried fruit, the minister of the interior stating in the 

 discussion of the bill that he did not consider such a course necessary. 



On the 14th of July the Federal Council of Switzerland promulgated 

 a decree which in effect prohibited the importation into that country of 

 all unpeeled American dried fruits. This decree, apparently working 

 a hardship upon American exporters, has been the subject of a some- 

 what extensive correspondence, in the course of which the United 

 States Department of State was appealed to by American exporters, 

 and in turn the United States Department of Agriculture was consulted 

 for expert information. The Divisions of Pomology and Entomology 

 were consulted by the honorable Secretary of Agriculture, and extracts 

 from the reports of these divisions follow. 



FROM THE DIVISION OF POMOLOGY. 



Under this enactment it would appear that all American unpeeled sun-dried or 

 evaporated fruits are denied entrance to Switzerland. This practically shuts out 

 all American sun-dried or evaporated plums, prunes, apricots, nectarines, cherries, 



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