35 
find. Their length is 1.25" and breadth 0.80", One female lays 150 
to 170 eggs. 
The freshly hatched larvee are grayish yellow, with a flattened, black- 
ish head and pronotum, and a somewhat irregular longitudinal light- 
red stripe on the back. The full-grown larva is uniformly grayish with 
a yellow head. 
The young larvee penetrate at the base of the shoots in the quite 
young stalks and bore an ascending somewhat spiral-like gallery. 
Thereby they injure the insertions of the leaves, and, as a rule, destroy 
the vegetation point. Often the tunnel is continued in the youngest 
leaves of the shoots. In each shoot one finds ordinarily but one borer. 
When the larvais full grown it makes a hiori- 
zontal gallery through the sheaths of the leaves. 
The opening is closed by dust from the boring, 
a cocoon is made of the same material, and 
then the larva transforms to chrysalis. 
The whole development of this borer is ac- 
complished within seven or eight weeks. 
REMEDIES FOR THESE BORERS. 
As to the remedies for these four common 
Javanese borers, if is important to state that in 
the above recorded notes much attention is paid 
for the first time to the eggs of these insects. 
The knowledge of the egg’s position is of great 
interest and it enables us to subdivide the 
borers into two groups, viz. Scirpophaga and F'¢-12.—Grapholitha schistace- 
: : ihe ana: full-grown larvaatleft— 
Diatriea, on the one side, and Chiloand Grapho- — gyiarsed; head of larva at 
litha on the other. right—more enlarged (after 
The eggs of the borers of the first group are “°'"™""")- 
easy to be found and collected, while in the second group they are 
found but occasionally with Chilo, and only by a very careful exami- 
nation of the cane with Grapholitha. 
Moreover, the subdivision above mentioned agrees in some other 
features of the life-history of the borers, viz, Scirpophaga and Diatriea 
attack the cane in about three months after the seeds have been planted, 
and the damage by the young larvie is to be seen on the leaves long 
before they penetrate the stalks. Chilo and Grapholitha, however, attack 
the young plantation in one month after planting. They damage the 
very young shoots by penetrating either directly into the stalk (Grapho- 
litha), or between the leaf sheath and the stalk (Chilo), and, as a rule, 
the attack is only visible after the young stalks have already lost their 
growing point. 
In consequence, the remedial measures should be arranged as follows: 
About one month after planting, the plantation should be examined 
carefully and all shoots attacked by borers should be cut off. It is 
