40 
Pupa.—lt always changes to pupa within the core of the fruit, spin- 
ning very little silk. The pupa is deep red brown in color, head, tho- 
rax, and wing portion being much more so. It measures 13™™ to 15™™ 
in length. The pupal stage lasts more than two weeks. 
Preventive method.—The most effectual preventive method is to take 
off the eggs during the winter months, as they are easily recognized by 
their whitish web cover at the branches. For this purpose pruning is 
indispensable, eggs being almost always on the tops of the branches, 
and when pruned they should be immediately burned. The remaining 
branches should be carefully searched. The eggs are always placed near 
the hibernating nest of the pear leaf-roller, Rhodophwa hollandella Rag. 
Kerosene emulsion is very beneficial after pruning as well as in early 
June, at the time of larva’s hatching, for it kills at the same time the 
larvee of leaf-roller. After the larve bore into the fruit no remedy is 
accessible except carbon bisulphide, but this chemical being very 
expensive I only used it on a dwarf tree, pouring it with a small brush 
into the hole through which the insect entered. It verysoon killed the 
insect and no injury was done to the fruit. Now, in our garden, pick- 
ing off the injured fruit by hand is the only means resorted to, as they 
are easily recognized by their black holes and their excrement. Lump 
sugar is of no use, but a sugar solution in Sake in any giass vial attracts 
them. 
DESTRUCTIVE LOCUSTS IN 1897. 
[Report of investigations conducted under instructions from the Entomologist. 
By W. D. HUNTER, Temporary Field Agent. 
Under commission dated July 27, 1897, and letter of instructions of 
the same date, I left Lincoln on the 3d of August, by the Burlington 
Railroad, for some of the western counties of Nebraska. The first stop 
was made at Benkleman, where I learned that much damage had been 
done in Dundy County in this and preceding years. JT'rom this point I 
proceeded to Denver, stopping at Haigler, Nebr., and at Yuma, Akron, 
and Fort Morgan, Colo., at each of which points collections were made 
and inquiries addressed to residents regarding locust devastations. 
From Denver I worked up and down the foothills of the mountains 
through the most productive agricultural part of the State, making 
stops at Greeley, Fort Collins, Longmont, Colorado Springs, Manitou, 
Colorado City, and Pueblo. I proceeded from Pueblo to Grand June- 
tion, stopping at Canon City, Salida, Glenwood Springs, and DeBeque 
between these places. Some interest attaches itself to investigations 
made in the Grand River Valley, the rich fruit-growing region of the 
State, on account of the damage done in the spring of 1893 to fruit 
trees by locusts, and the probability of a recurrence of it. Stops were 
made at Salt Lake City, Ogden, and Cache Junction in Utah; and in 
Idaho, Pocatello, American Falls, and numero:s other places along the 
