132 MISCELLANEOUS CIRCULAR 92, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Mains soulardii (Bailey) Britton. 47 Soulard Crab Apple, 



Range. — Minnesota to eastern Texas. Occurs rather sparingly. 



Note on nomenclature. — Formerly designated as Pyrus Soulardii Bailey. 



NAMES IN USE 



Soulard Crab Apple. Soulard Crab (lit.). 



Malus pumila Miller. Wild Apple. 



Range. — Native of western Asia. Widely naturalized through its escape from 

 cultivation, occurring sometimes mingled with native forest trees and along road- 

 sides and in abandoned old fields. 



Note on nomenclature. — Formerly designated as Pyrus mains Linnaeus. 



NAME IN USB 



Wild Apple 



Malus rivularis (Douglas) Roemer. 48 Oregon Crab Apple. 



Range. — From the Aleutian Islands south along the coast and islands of 

 Alaska and British Columbia through western Washington and Oregon to Cali- 

 fornia (Sonoma and Plumas Counties). 



Note on nomenclature. — Formerly designated as Pyrus rivularis Douglas. 



NAMES IN USE 



Oregon Crab-apple (Calif., Wash., Crab or Wild Apple. 

 Oreg.). Oregon Crab (lit.). 



X Malus dawsoniana Render. Dawson Crab Apple (Hybrid). 



Range. — Known now only from a single tree growing in the Arnold Arboretum, 

 near Boston, Mass., the parent of this tree probably growing wild in Oregon. 



Note on nomenclature. — Supposed to be a hybrid between Malus rivularis 

 (Douglas) Roemer and Malus communis Poiret. 49 



NAMES IN USE 



Dawson Crab Apple. Dawson Crab (lit.). 



47 Some authors consider this a natural hybrid between Malus pumila Miller, the common apple-tree (as 

 escaped from cultivation), and Malus ioensis Britton. 



4 * Britton and Shafer (North Am. Trees, 435, 1908) have taken up for this tree the name Malus diversifolia 

 (Bongard) Roemer, based on Pyrus diversifolia Bongard which was published in 1833, the year also in 

 which Pyrus rivularis Douglas was established and on which Malus rivularis (Douglas) Roemer is based. 

 There would therefore seem to be no good reason for adopting Malus diversifolia (Bongard) Roemer except 

 in case it can be shown that Pyrus diversifolia Bongard was published earlier in 1833 than was Pyrus rivularis 

 Douglas. C. S. Sargent (Man. N. A. Trees, 2nd ed., 389, 1922) has taken up for this tree Malus fusca 

 Schneider (111. Handb. Laubh., Band I, 723, 1906), which is apparently based on " Pyrus fusea" Rafinesque 

 (Med. El. II, 254, 1830). Obviously "fusea" was meant to be written fusca, a correction that has been 

 commonly accepted. Professor Sargent (Silva N. A., IV, 77, 1892) cites " Pyrus fusca Rafinesque" as a 

 synonymn of Pyrus rivularis Douglas, on the strength of which Schneider 0. c.) seems to have recognized 

 Pyrus fusca Rafinesque as the oldest name for the Oregon Crab. Inasmuch, however, as the description 

 accompanying Rafinesque's name reads "(Oregon Crabapple) has brown acid pulpy fruit, wood very hard, 

 used for wedges," it would seem doubtfully to establish the identity of this name, which the writer hesitates 

 to accept as valid. 



« Alfred Rehder (in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II, Pt. I, 23, 1907) writes that Jackson Dawson raised 

 the tree now known from seed sent by C. Q. Pringle from Oregon in 1881 to the Arnold Arboretum. It 

 is presumed that the tree which bore this seed was growing wild and that it was a natural hybrid. 



