228 MISCELLANEOUS CIRCULAR 92 ; U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



* Fraxinus pennsylvanica lanceolata (Borkhausen) Sargent. 66 



Green Ash. 



Range. — From Maine (Penobscot County), Vermont (Lake Champlain) and 

 southward in the Appalachian region to western Florida; westward to the Sas- 

 katchewan River, eastern ranges of the Rock}' Mountains and extending into 

 Utah (Wasatch Mountains) and eastern and northern Arizona (mountains), 

 and through Texas (to Guadalupe River). 



Note on nomenclature. — Formerly designated as Fraxinus viridis Michaux f. 



NAMES IN USE 



Green Ash (Mass., R. I., Conn., N. Y., White Ash (Kans., Nebr.). 



N. J., Pa., Del., N. C, S. C, Ala., Swamp Ash (Fla., Ala., Tex.). 



Miss., La., Tex., Mo., 111., Kans., Ash (Ark., Iowa, Nebr.). 



Nebr., Mich., Minn., S. Dak., Ohio, Water Ash (Iowa). 



Ontario, Iowa). Ash (White), trade. 

 Blue Ash (Ark., Iowa). 



Fraxinus profunda Bush. Pumpkin Ash. 



Range. — Imperfectly known and as now understood the tree occurs at widely 

 separated stations; western New York (fide C. S. Sargent); southern Illinois 

 and Indiana; western Kentucky and Tennessee; southeastern Missouri and 

 eastern Arkansas; southern Louisiana, eastern Mississippi, and western Florida. 



NAME IN USE 



Pumpkin Ash (Ark.) 



Fraxinus velutina Torrey. Velvet Ash. 



Range. — From southern New Mexico to southern and central Arizona. 



NAMES IN USE 



Ash (Tex., Ariz., Nev.). Velvety Ash (lit.). 



Velvet Ash (lit.). 



Fraxinus velutina toumeyi (Britton) Render. 67 Velvet Ash. 



Range. — Within the range of the species, extending also into Mexico (Sonora). 



NAME IN USE 



Velvet Ash 



Fraxinus velutina coriacea (S. Watson) Render. Desert Ash. 



Range. — Desert regions of southern Utah (vicinity of St. George) and Nevada 

 (Ash Meadows), to southeastern California (Owen's Lake). 



56 The relationship of the Green Ash to the Red Ash has long been a perplexing question, some authors 

 treating them as distinct species, others considering the Green Ash a variety of the Red Ash, while still 

 others have treated the Green Ash as a smooth-leafed phase only of the Red Ash. In eastern United 

 States the Green Ash is fairly distinct in the characteristics of its twigs, foliage, and mature fruit but as it 

 occurs farther west, clearly intermediate forms are found that show varietal relationship to the Red Ash. 



Possibly distinct from the Red and Green Ashes is Fraxinus campestris Britton (Britton and Shafer, 

 North Am. Trees, 799, 1908), which is said to occur from Montana and Manitoba to Wyoming and Kansas, 

 and to differ from the Red Ash in its shorter-stalked or sessile lateral leaflets, which are relatively broader, 

 and in its shorter fruit. I have not yet seen specimens of this ash, which, in the shorter-stalked leaflets, 

 would seem to deserve varietal relationship to the Red Ash. 



Fraxinus Darlingtonii Britton is here considered to be an exceptionally narrow-fruited form of Fraxinus 

 pennsylvanica Marshall, to which also Fraxinus Smallii Britton possibly should be referred. C. S. Sargent 

 (Man. For. Trees N. A. ed. 2, 842, 1922) remarks that the latter has the appearance of a hybrid between 

 Fraxinus americana Linnajus and Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. lanceolata Sargent. 



67 Fraxinus Toumeyi Britton (Britton and Shafer, North Am. Trees, 803, 1908) is somewhat perplexing 

 because of its apparently close relationship to Fraxinus velutina Torrey. Likewise, Fraxinus attenuate 

 M. E.Jones (Contr. West. Bot., No. 12, p. 59, 1908) may prove to be distinct. First found in the valley 

 of Palms, Lower California, in 1882, while in 1903 Professor Thornber detected it in the Santa Catalina 

 Mountains, Arizona. Recently H. G. Calkins reports it from all divisions of the Coronado National 

 Forest, southern Arizona. Some authors regard the latter species as distinct, and Fraxinus Toumeyi 

 Britton only as a form of it. 



