85 



THE LARVA AND PUPA. 



The earliest stages of this species do not appear to have been studied. 

 The full-grown larva is shown at b of figure 23. The head and cervi- 

 cal shield are shining dark blackish brown, verging to black in the 

 outer portions, the three pairs of forelegs and two lateral marks on 

 the first thoracic segment are dull black. The remainder of the body 

 is rather bright, clear apple green in color, which means that the 

 spiracles, except on the first thoracic segment, the piliferous warts, and 

 the anal plate are all concolorous. The length of the mature larva 

 when fully extended is a little less than five-eighths of an inch 

 (14-15 mm ). 



Fig. 23. — Penthina nimbatana — a, moth; b, larva; c, empty chrysalis skin; d, terminal segment of pupa; 

 e, rosebud, showing larva at work; /, leaves folded by larvse— all twice natural size, except d, which 

 is greatly enlarged (original). 



At c and d of the illustration the pupa is shown, c representing the 

 empty chrysalis skin after the escape of the larva, and d showing the 

 character of the anal segment. The length is nearly three-eighths of 

 an inch (8 mm ), and the color is light brown. 



At e oi the figure the manner of work of the larva on an unopened 

 rosebud is illustrated, and at y two leaves are figured as folded by the 

 larva. The leaves of the rose are joined together after the manner of 

 the larvse of this group of insects by silken threads and the larva lives 

 within the case thus made, feeding upon the leaves of which it is com- 

 posed, and later leaving it to attack others. 



LIFE HISTORY. 



The life economy of this rose pest has not been fully investigated. 

 The parent moth, according to Lintner, who has observed the species 



