22 



ridge yellow, and were still provided on each side of the ridge with 

 three to five rows of roundish, more or less projeeting masses of white 

 waxy secretion. The male insect was about 2.4 mm by 0.8 mm in diameter, 

 and of the usual Lecanium shape. It was purplish brown and covered 

 with a transparent layer of waxy secretion which was divided into 

 three sections. The anterior and posterior sections were each about 

 one-fourth of the length of the body, and the median sections about one- 

 half of the length of the entire body. This median section was bordered 

 at each side by a row of more or less confluent, squarish, white, flat, 

 waxy scales. The general appearance is well indicated by fig. 11. 



By April 22 the first male had transformed to a pupa, as shown in 

 fig. 13. The color of the pupa is reddish brown, darkest dorsally, 

 with the wing pads, legs, and antennae paler 5 the anterior legs are 

 directed forward and curved around the head; the others lie close to 

 the body and are directed backward; the median pair reach to the 

 fourth abdominal segment, and the posterior to near the end of the 

 body. The wing pads reached slightly beyond the posterior margin of 

 the second abdominal segment. The style is short and stout, and with 

 a pointed lobe on each side. There is a small patch of woolly secretion 

 externally near the coxae of the anterior and median legs. The length of 

 the pupa is 1.6 mm . By April 28 the anal filaments of the male had begun 

 to protrude, and by May 1 the adult had emerged. On May 18 large 

 females with swollen bodies, indicating that impregnation had taken 

 place, were found. They were 5.5 ram in length by 3.5 ,um in diameter 

 and 2 nim high. They were of a dark purplish color, with a brownish- 

 yellow mediodorsal stripe, ornamented on each side with three rows of 

 small waxy scales or points, presenting the appearance as indicated in 

 fig. 15. 



On May 22, females began to move from the young branches out 

 upon the twigs, and on May 23 one had reached the under side of a 

 leaf and had commenced to form its ovisac. In the course of twenty- 

 four hours the extruded white wax, forming nearly a complete circle 

 about the insect, longer toward the anal end, had reached a width of 

 about l mm . Forty-eight hours later it had reached a length of 5 mm and 

 was distinctly divided from the first secretion by a deeply impressed 

 line. The first wax extruded contained no eggs, but the real ovisac, 

 comprising the last 4 ram extruded, was full of eggs. The true ovisac 

 has numerous transverse ridges which are divided lengthwise by two 

 deep grooves. As the ovisac increased, the body of the female was 

 tilted up more and more and became more shrunken in size. At the 

 end of the third day the body had shrunken to a size a little more than 

 half of its former dimensions, the abdomen having contracted into four 

 transverse folds; the color had become lighter than at the beginning 

 of the migration, and the extreme margin was pale yellowish. After 

 two weeks the ovisac had become 10 ram long by nearly 5 mm broad, 



