59 



reported also to have done much injury at Henderson, Ky. The grape- 

 vine flea-beetle, Haltica chalybea, which may be considered a Northern 

 species, was also very abundant in the northern part of Maryland and 

 many complaints were made of injury to grape leaves and unfolding 

 buds. The harlequin cabbage bug was so rare in tbe State as to have 

 been mentioned by Professor Johnson as hardly to have been seen by 

 him during the season, only one complaint having been received at his 

 office, as compared with very serious injury inflicted the previous 

 season. The imported cabbage worm, Pieris rapce, " continued its 

 depredations without any perceptible diminution." 



Mr. Webster's experience with the harlequin cabbage bug in Ohio was 

 similar. He says that it " certainly sustained a severe repulse by the 

 low temperature of the last winter. * * * Its almost entire absence 

 has been reported in localities where last year it was disastrously 

 abundant." Exartema permundana was concerned in injury to black- 

 berry in Ohio, having been reported from Wayne County in May. 



Finally, from Mr. Quaintance's very full report on insects injurious to 

 the trucking industry in Georgia during the year, it will be seen by 

 comparison with his paper that those Southern species which were rare 

 the present season about Washington were fully as abundant as in 

 previous years in the South, additional proof that the weather was the 

 responsible factor in reducing the numbers of these pests near Wash- 

 ington. Included in his list of troublesome species of the year are 

 Allorliina niiida, Heliothis armiger, Biatrcea saccharalis, Margaronia 

 nitidalis, Pionea rimosalis, and Murgantia histrionica. 



SPECIES THAT WERE CONTROLLED BY PARASITES AND DISEASE. 



Two species somewhat generally attributed to the South, but so well 

 distributed northward as hardly to be considered truly southern, were 

 also rare; but this rarity is evidently due in part to other causes besides 

 low temperature which, however, probably assisted in reducing the 

 numbers of these pests. 



The cabbage looper, Plusia brassicce, which has shared with the 

 harlequin cabbage bug the distinction of being the most troublesome 

 of our garden pests in past years, and which was extremely abundant 

 in the season of 1898, was not to be found at all the present year until 

 about the middle of August, and then very rarely. The larvae of the 

 last generation of 1898 were quite extensively parasitized, and this 

 undoubtedly served as a check on the species the past season. 



Protoparce Carolina was much less abundant the past year than the 

 northern P. celeus, except in one single locality, where only the former 

 was found. The previous year there was no such great disparity in 

 numbers, but it is by no means certain that the weather was the 

 important factor in the present case, as both species may be largely 

 influenced as regards abundance or rarity by their parasitic enemies 

 and diseases. All of the Carolina observed were badly parasitized, 



