62 



State where experiments have been made. The number of larva? 

 caught is sometimes very large. Professor Aldrich records that the 

 highest number he found on one tree in a week was 110. Various per- 

 sons have found from c>tj to 190 on neglected trees. I once found 170 

 under a neglected band and a cloth in the crotch of a laro-e tree. In 

 1S9S Mr. Ayres obtained from 6 to 15 worms per tree throughout the 

 season. In the maximum in September I have obtained on large trees 

 as many as 20 to 30 daily for a few days, in a neglected orchard. Pro- 

 fessor Aldrich records that in his banding experiments he obtained 215 

 worms per tree for the season of 1899. 



The worms which have been collected under bands should be killed 

 every seven days. Six days is recommended by some. 1 think six 

 days too short as but few moths emerge before seven or eight days. 

 However, the person who is killing the larva? can easily tell whether 

 the time is too long or too short. If old pupal skins are found the 

 time is too long, and if no larva? have changed to pupa? the time is too 

 short. 



Many ways of killing the larva? have been used, such as burning 

 temporary bands, plunging the permanent bands in hot water, or run- 

 ning them through a clothes wringer. I find that the majority of 

 fruit growers in Idaho simply crush the worms, or cut them with a 

 knife. Hon. Edgar Wilson suggested to me that, as the larva? used 

 parts of the band and bark with which to build its cocoon poisoning 

 the band might be an easy way of getting rid of many. I tried soak- 

 ing the cloth bands in strong solution of paris green, but the results 

 do not warrant any definite statement. I believe that this may kill 

 some of the last spinning up. but doubt its efficiency of the earliest 

 broods. However, it is worthy of further investigation. In want of 

 better knowledge many people apply bands and do not kill the worms 

 that have collected. In this way the insect is positively aided. Pro- 

 fessor Gillette records a fact that must be noted. He finds that in the 

 spring the larvae leave their old cocoons and migrate to other places 

 and spin new ones. This, however, is not always the case, but it 

 should be guarded against. Bands should be applied about two weeks 

 after the blossoms have fallen and be kept on for a week or so after 

 all the fruit has been picked in the orchard. 



Banding should always be practiced in connection with spraying. 

 and by this combination the best results are obtained. 



By spraying with Paris green and London purple and by banding. 

 Mr. liner, of Boise, saved about 80 per cent of his apples. This 

 orchard is in the city of Boise and has neglected orchards all around it. 



Hon. Edgar Wilson used arsenites and banding. In the part of the 

 orchard not infested by the moths from the apple house the loss is 

 estimated from 5 to 10 per cent. In Mr. Fremont Wood's orchard the 

 results were about the same. 



