28 



THE APPLE Iff COLD STOKAGE. 



relative susceptibility of immature and more mature apples is brought 

 out in the table following. The fruit was picked two weeks apart. 

 At the first picking the apples w T ere partl} T colored, or in the condition 

 in which a large proportion of the commercial apple crop is harvested. 

 At the second picking the fruit was more mature, with better color, 

 but still hard. The differences in ripeness are fairly represented in 

 the fruit on Plates I and II. The percentages do not represent the 

 relative susceptibility of the different varieties to scald, as the fruit 

 was grown in different States and the observations were made at dif- 

 ferent times. The percentages show the average amounts of scald in 

 fruit stored at temperatures of 31° to 32° F. and 31° to 36° F. 



Scald on mature <ni<l immature apples. 



A'arietv, 



Baldwin 



Ben Dayis 



Do 



Rhode Island Greening. 

 Winesap 



Yellow Newtown 



York Imperial 



Average 



Locality grown. 



New York , 



Illinois 



Virginia . . 

 NeAV York 

 Illinois . . . 

 Virginia . . 

 do.... 



Mature, Immature, 



well partly 



colored. colored. 



Per cent. 

 3.1 

 2.6 

 13.1 

 25.1 

 0.2 

 2.3 

 2.0 



6.9 



Per cent. 

 29.2 

 15.8 

 11. 6 

 13.1 

 31.8 

 9.1 

 18. 2 



27.0 



In the practical handling of orchards the fundamental corrective of 

 scald lies in practicing those cultural and harvesting methods that 

 develop maturity and a highly colored fruit. These methods have 

 already been brietly discussed. The picking of the fruit when -too 

 green, dense-headed trees that shut out the sunlight, heavy soil, a 

 location or season that causes the fruit to mature later than usual and 

 makes it still green at picking time — these are among the conditions 

 that make it particularly susceptible to the development of the scald. 



After the fruit is harvested its susceptibilit}' increases as its ripen- 

 ing progresses. Early in the storage season the scald ma}' not appear, 

 but later the same variety may have developed enough to injure its 

 commercial value. The amount of scald at different periods of the 

 season on the same lot of Baldwin apples stored at 32 c F. is brought 

 out in the following statement: 



Amount of scald at different periods of storage -season. 



Per cent. 



January 29, 1903 



February 21, 1903 



March 20, 1 903 - 20" 



April 21 , 1903 23 



