54 WILD MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Pokeweed. See Phytolacca decandra. 



Polar-plant. See Silphium lacimatum. t 



Polecat- weed. See Spathyema foetida. 



Poleixionium reptans L. Phlox family (Polemoniaceae). 



American Greek valerian; abscess-root; sweetroot; Jacob' s-ladder. 

 Native, perennial herb, 12 to 20 inches high, growing in woods and damp ground 



from New York to Minnesota, south to Georgia and Missouri. 

 Part used. — Root (nonofficial). 

 Polygala nuttallii T. & G. Milkwort family (Polyg-alaceae). 



NuttaU's-milkwort; ground-centaury. 

 Slender, erect, annual herb, 6 to 12 inches high, native in dry, sandy soil from 



Massachusetts to North Carolina, west to Alabama and Missouri. 

 Part used. — Herb (nonofficial). 

 Poly gala senega L. Milkwort family (Polyg-alaceae). 



Senega; Seneca snakeroot. 



Native, perennial herb, 8 to 12 inches high, found in rocky woods and on hillsides 

 from New Brunswick and western New England to Minnesota, south to North 

 Carolina and Missouri. 

 Part used. — Root (official). 



Polygonatum birlorum ( Walt. ) Ell. Lily-of-the-valley family 



( Convallariaceae ) . 

 Synonyms. — Convallaria biflora Walt.; Salomonia biflora (Walt.) Britton. 

 Hairy Solomon' s-seal; smaller Solomon' s-seal. 

 Native, perennial herb, 8 inches to 3 feet high, found in woods and thickets 



from Canada south to Florida and Michigan. 

 Part used. — Rhizome (nonofficial). 



Polygonatum commutatum (Roem. & Schult. ) Dietr. Lily-of-the-valley family 



( Convallariaceae ) . 

 Synonyms. — Polygonalum giganteum Dietr.; Salomonia commutata (Roem. & 



' Schult. ) Britton. 

 Giant Solomon' s-seal; great Solomon' s-seal; smooth Solomon' s-seal. 

 Native, perennial herb, 1 to 8 feet high, occurring in moist woods and along 



streams from Canada to Georgia, west to Louisiana and Utah. 

 Part used. — Rhizome (nonofficial) . 



m 



Polygonatum giganteum Dietr. Same as Polygonatum commutatum . 



Polygonum hydropiper L. Buckwheat family (Polygonaceae). 



Smartweed; water-pepper; biting knotweed; pepper-plant. 



Smooth, annual plant, 8 inches to 2 feet high, naturalized from Europe; common 

 in moist waste places almost throughout North America. 



Part used. — Herb (nonofficial). 

 Polygonum punctatum Ell. Buckwheat family (Polygonaceae). 



Dotted smartweed; water : smartweed. 



Native, annual or perennial herb, found in swamps and other wet places through- 

 out most of North America. 



Part used. — Herb (nonofficial). 

 Polymnia uvedalia L. Aster family ( Asteraceae ) . 



Yellow bear's-foot; yellow leaf cup; uvedalia. 



Large, native, perennial plant, 3 to 6 feet high; in ravines and edges of woods 

 from New York to Michigan, south to Florida and Texas. 



Part used. — Root (nonofficial). 

 Polypodium filix-mas L. Same as Dryopteris filix-mas. 

 Polypodium marginale L. Same as Dryopteris marginalis. 



