22 WILD MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Clematis virginiana L. Crowfoot family (Ranunculaceae). 



Virgin' s-bo wer ; clematis. 



Shrubby, perennial vine; native; found along river banks in hedges and thick- 

 ets from Canada to Georgia and Kansas. 



Parts used. — Leaves and flowers (nonofficial). 

 Clotbur, spiny. See Xanthium spinosum. 

 Clotweed, thorny. See Xanthium spinosum. 

 Clover, bitter. See Sabbatia ahgularis. 

 Clover, meadow-. See Tri folium pratense. 

 Clover, purple. See Trifolium pratense. 

 Clover, red. See Trifolium pratense. 

 Clover, yellow sweet. See Melilotus officinalis. 

 Club-moss. See Lycopodium clavatum. 

 Cnicus benedictus L. Aster family ( Asteraceae) . 



Synonyms. — Carduus benedictus Auct. ; Centaurea benedicta L. 



Blessed thistle; holy thistle; bitter thistle; spotted thistle; St. Benedict' s-thistle. 



Annual plant, 1 to 2 feet high; in waste places, Southern States, and in Califor- 

 nia and Utah; introduced from Europe. 



Part used. — Herb (nonofficial). 

 Cocash. See Aster puniceus. 

 Cocash-weed. See Senecio aureus. 

 Cockle-button. See Arctium lappa. 

 Cocowort. See Bursa bursa-pastoris. 

 Cohosh, black. See Cimicifuga racemosa. 

 Cohosh, blue. See Caulophyllum thalictroid.es. 

 Cohosh, red. See Actaea rubra. 

 Cohosh, white. See Actaea alba. 



Colic-root. See Aletris farinosa, Dioscorea villosa, Lacinaria spicata, and L. squarrosa. 

 Collinsonia canadensis L. Mint family (Menthaceae). 



Stoneroot; richweed; knobroot; horse-balm. 



Native, perennial herb, about 2 feet high, occurring in rich, moist woods from 

 Maine to Wisconsin, south to Florida and Kansas. 



Parts used. — Eoot and leaves (nonofficial). 

 Colt's-foot. See Tussilago farfara. 

 Colt's-tail. See Erigeron canadensis. 

 Columbine, European. See A quilegia vulgaris. 

 Columbine, garden-. See Aquilegia vulgaris. 

 Columbine, wild. See under Aquilegia vulgaris. 

 Columbo, American. See Fraseru carolinensis. 

 Comfrey. See Symphytum officinale. 

 Compass-plant. See Silphium laciniatum. 

 Comptonia asplenifolia Gaertn. Same as Comptonia peregrina. 

 Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coulter. Bayberry family (Myricaceae). 



Synonyms.— Comptonia asplenifolia Gaertn.; Myrica asplenifolia L. 



Sweet fern; spleen wortbush ; meadow-fern. 



Shrubby plant, about 2\ feet high, native; in thin sandy or stony woods and on 

 hillsides, Canada to North Carolina, Indiana, and Michigan. 



Parts used. — Leaves and tops (nonofficial). 

 Coneflower, pale-purple. See Brauneria angustifolia. 



