CHICK WEED, RED CLEMATIS. 21 



Chickweed, red. See Anagallis arvensis. 



Chicory. See Oichorium intybus. 



Chimaphila. See Chimaphila umbellata. 



Chimaphila umbellata (L.) Nutt. Wintergreen family (Pyrolaceae). 



Chimaphila; pipsissewa; prince' s-pine; bitter wintergreen; rheumatism-weed. 



Small, perennial herb, native in dry, shady woods, especially in pine forests, from 

 Nova Scotia to Georgia, west to California. 



Pa rt used. — Leaves ( official ) . 

 China-root, American.* See Smilax pseudo-china. 

 China-root, false. See Smilax pseudo-china. 

 Chionanthus virginica L. Olive family (Oleaceae). 



Fringe-tree; old-man' s-beard. 



A shrub or small tree, native in moist thickets from Delaware to Florida and 

 Texas. 



Part used. — Bark of root (nonofficial) . 

 Chittem-bark. See Rhamnus purshiana. 

 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. Aster family (Asteraceae). 



Synonym. — Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. 



Oxeye daisy; white daisy. 



Perennial herb, 1 to 3 feet high, naturalized from Europe; occurring in pastures, 

 meadows, and waste places in nearly every section of the country, but less 

 abundantly in the South and rarely in the West. 



Part used. — LLerb (nonofficial). 

 Chrysanthemum parthenium (L. ) Pers. Aster family (Asteraceae). 



Synonym. — Pyrethrum parthenium Smith. 



Common feverfew; featherfew; febrifuge-plant. 



Perennial herb, naturalized from Europe. Mostly escaped from cultivation; in 

 waste places, New Brunswick to New Jersey, and locally in the interior. 



Part used. — Herb (nonofficial). 

 Cichorium intybus L. Chicory family (Cichoriaceae). 



Chicory; succory. 



Perennial herb, 1 to 3 feet high, growing in fields, waste places, and along road- 

 sides from Nova Scotia to North Carolina, west to Nebraska. Abundant east- 

 ward. Naturalized from Europe. 



Part used. — Root (nonofficial) . 

 Cicuta maculata L. Parsley family (Apiaceae). 



"Water-hemlock; musquash-root; beaver-poison. 



Native perennial, 3 to 6 feet high, stout, erect; poisonous. Found in swamps and 

 low grounds from Canada south to Florida and New Mexico. 



Part used. — Leaves (nonofficial). 

 Cimicifuga. See Cimicifuga racemosa. 

 Cimicifuga racemosa (L. ) Nutt. Crowfoot family (Ranunculaceae). 



Synonym. — Actaea racemosa L. 



Cimicifuga; black snakeroot; black cohosh; squawroot; rattle-root. 



Native, perennial herb, 3 to 8 feet high; in rich soil in shady woods, Maine to 

 Georgia, west to Wisconsin and Missouri. Most abundant in the Ohio Valley. 



Parts used. — Rhizome and roots (official). 

 Cinquefoil. See Potentilla canadensis. 

 Cirsium arvense Scop. Same as Carduus arvensis. 

 Cleavers. See Galium aparine. 

 Cleaverwort. See Galium aparine. 

 Clematis. See Clematis virginiana. 



