PLATE V. 

 Old galleries of Dendroctonus piceaperda in spruce. 



'a. Grooves on the surface of the wood of a tree that had been dead about twelve 

 years. 



b, Wounds, or incomplete galleries. in bark of living tree: wound tilled with pitch. 



c, From dead tree. 



d, From living tree, in which some of the wounds were healing. 



e, From old dead tree, the sap wood of which was decaying. 



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