PKINCIPAL PHYSIOLOGICAL TESTS. 15 



gave the maximum, although some gave the maximum contraction 

 with 1-100,000. This method has not yet been controlled as a quan- 

 titative procedure by any other observer, but deserves investigation. 



Various synthetic adrenalins have been made, but while man v give 

 the chemical reactions of this body yet they do not have its physio- 

 logical action. Others have almost the same blood-pressure-raising 

 properties as adrenalin. Thus the compound made by Dakin 6 

 caused a definite rise in blood pressure in rabbits with cut vasri, when 

 injected in doses of 0.000001 gram. 



The field of usefulness for the suprarenal glands in therapy is 

 increasing, but these preparations are being used almost with reck- 

 lessness. Reports of toxic symptoms and secondary hemorrhage 

 following their use are now appearing. d 



In the case of animals it has been shown that the repeated intra- 

 venous injections of small doses of adrenalin will cause changes in the 

 heart muscle (myocarditis) 6 and degeneration of the arterial walls 

 resembling, if not identical with, arterio-sclerosis. 



D'Amato-f has made the interesting observation that arterial 

 degeneration occurs from repeated use of small doses of suprarenal 



°Barger, G., and Jowett, H. A. D. Synthesis of substances allied to epinephrin. 

 Jour. Ckem. Soc. Trans., vol. 87, pt. 2, p. 967, 1905. 

 Stolz, F. Ueber Adrenalin und Alkylaminoacetobrenzeatechin. Ber. d. Deutsch. 



Chem. Gesells., vol. 37, pt. 4, p. 4149, 1905. 

 Friedman, E. Konstitution des Adrenalins. Beitr. z. Chem. Physiol, u. Path., 



vol. 8, p. 95, 1906. 

 Loewi, O., and Meyer, H. Ueber d. Wirkung synthetischer dem Adrenalin ver- 

 wandter Stoffe. Arch. f. Exp. Path. u. Pharmakol., vol. 53, p. 213, 1905. 

 & Dakin, H. D. Synthesis of a substance allied to adrenalin. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lon- 

 don, ser. B, vol. 76, p. 491, 1905. 

 On the physiological activity of substances indirectly related to adrenalin. Proc. 

 Roy. Soc. London, ser. B, vol. 76, p. 498, 1905. 

 c Kreuzfuchs, S. Einige Erfahrung. iiber innere Adrenalindarreichung. Wien. Med. 

 Presse, vol. 47, p. 922, 1906. 

 Oppenheim, R., and Loeper, M. La medication surrenale. Paris, 1904. 

 d Burnett, C. H. Results of a mistake in putting up a prescription for adrenalin 

 chloride to be used as a nasal spray. Internat. Clinic, vol. 4, p. 25, 1902. 

 Roberts, L. M. Antidote for suprarenal preparations. Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc, 



vol. 47, p. 2159, 1906. 

 Potts, B. H. Danger from the careless use of the alkaloid of the suprarenal gland. 

 Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc, vol. 47, p. 1188, 1906. 

 « Pearce, R. M. Experimental myocarditis: A study of the histological changes follow- 

 ing intravenous iniections of adrenalin. Jour. Exper. Med., vol. 8, p. 400, 

 1906. 

 'D'Amato, L. Weitere Untersuch. iiber d. von den Nebennierenextrakten bewirk- 



ten Veranderungen d. Blutgefasse. Berl. Klin. Woch., 1906, pp. 1100, 1131. 

 Elliott, T. R., and Durham. H. E. On subcutaneous injections of adrenalin. Jour. 

 Physiol., vol. 34, p. 498, 1906. 



Note. — Data on the effects on the urinary secretion can be found mBardier, E., 

 and Frenkel, H., Action de l'extrait capsulaire sur la diurese et la circulation 

 renale. Jour, de Physiol, et de Path. Gen., vol. 1, p. 950, 1899. 



112 



