SEPARATION OF ACTIVE PRINCIPLE. 11 



sions from Abel. It was also adopted by Jowett and by Barger and 

 Ewins in England. a These latter authors are especially emphatic in 

 support of Aldrich's formula. These differences in results have not 

 yet been finally adjusted. 6 The difficulty may be due to the fact 

 that there is in adrenalin a series of chemically similar bodies, as it is 

 well known that blood-pressure-raising properties and the chemical 

 reactions shown by adrenalin are given by other pyrocatechin 

 derivatives. d 



The active principle resides largely in the medullary portion of the 

 suprarenal glands, although the cortex also contains some. 6 Accessory 

 suprarenal glands which are found in various portions of the abdom- 

 inal cavity also contain principles having blood-pressure-raising 

 properties. Blood-pressure-raising principles are also claimed to 

 be present in other organs, pituitary bodies, etc.-f 



a Jowett, H. A. D. The constitution of epinephrin. Jour. Chem. Soc. Trans., vol. 85, 

 p. 192, 1904. 

 Barger, G., and Ewins, A. J. Note on the molecular weight of epinephrin. Chem. 

 News, vol. 93, p. 90, 1906. 

 Note. — For a review of the relation of the early chemical workers, see Maben, T., 

 Adrenalin: the active principle of the suprarenal gland, in Pharm. Jour., 1907, 

 p. 388. A reply to Maben is found in Martin, W., Epinephrin or adrenalin, in 

 Pharm. Jour., 1907, p. 447. 



& Aldrich, T. B. Is adrenalin the active principle of the suprarenal gland? Amer. 

 Jour. Physiol., vol. 7, p. 359, 1902. 



c Halle, W. L. Ueber d. Bildung d. Adrenalins im Organismus. Beitr. z. Chem. 

 Physiol, u. Pathol., vol. 8, p. 277, 1906. 

 Elliott, T. Action of adrenalin. Jour. Physiol., vol. 32, p. 462, 1905. Elliott writes 

 as follows: "By bubbling oxygen through adrenalin solution (Parke-Davis's 

 0.1% HC1 solution, diluted to 1:2,000 and exactly neutralised with Na 2 C0 3 ) I 

 obtained a brown liquid which contained no adrenalin, but was fairly potent to 

 cause vaso-constriction. In this respect it had one-twentieth of the power of 

 adrenalin. But even 4 c. c. of the solution, which correspond to an original 

 content of 2 mgm. adrenalin, and in respect of ability to raise blood pressure 

 to 0.1 mgm. of adrenalin, caused no movements of iris or nictitating membrane. 

 In the same test cat 0.03 mgm. adrenalin gave maximal rise of blood pressure and 

 typical eye movements. Four c. c. of the oxydised solution were then injected 

 beneath the skin of a rabbit, and caused neither glycosuria nor prostration." 

 Moore B., and Purington, C. On the chromogen of the suprarenal medulla. Proc. 

 Amer. Physiol. Soc, 1899, p. xvi; Amer. Jour. Physiol., vol. 3, 1900. 



d Dakin, H. D. On the physiological activity of substances indirectly related to adre- 

 nalin. Proc. Royal Soc. London, ser. B, vol. 76, p. 498, 1905. 



« Salvioli, I., and Pezzolini, P. Sur le different mode d'agir des extraits medullaire 

 et cortical des capsules surrenales. Arch. Ital. de Biol. vol. 37, p. 380, 1902. 



/ Schmid, J. Ueber d. blutdrucksteigernde Substanz d. Niere. Med. Klinik, 1906, 

 p. 976. 

 Livon, C. Secretions internes: Glandes hypertensives. Comp. Rend. Hebd. Soc. 



de Biol., vol. 50, p. 98, 1898. 

 Brown, O. H., and Joseph, D. R. Effects of intravenous injections of extracts of 

 the bone marrow. Amer. Jour. Physiol., vol. 16, p. 110, 1906. 



112 



