INK1 c Th'N C \KKIKI> TO KLOW] R . 2 I 



Doctor Phillips. The bacteria in a diseased colony are presenl 

 everywhere. They are Pound all over the adult bees, on the queens, on 

 the outside of the comb, and every place else. They do not, however, 

 grow in honey; they quickly go from the rod condition i<> the spore 

 condition and remain in the latter condition indefinitely when in 

 honey. A.ccording to the statement just made, ii would seem thai a 

 bee from an infected hive would always carry disease. The Pact is, 

 however, that if the bees have been away from this infection for 

 some time they will not transmit the disease. Give them a new clean 

 hive with no food, so that all the honey is used up from the inside 

 of the body. The infection from the outside does not seem to spread 

 the disease if no brood is reared for a few days. 



Mr. Smith. I believe that the reason why the bee loses the infection 

 is because a certain time elapses before the comb is drawn out and 

 young larvae are present which are large enough to become infected. 

 But I know this fact: [f you shake bees from a diseased colony onto 

 combs that contain healthy larvae, yon might as well leave the larvae, 

 for disease at once appears. I have tried that. 



BACTERIA IN QUEENS. 



Mr. Dadant. In either case have the bodies of queens been in- 

 spected I 



Doctor White. The bodies of queens have been inspected, and while 

 the internal organs contained these organisms, the ovaries seldom do. 

 and where Bacillus alvei i> found in the ovary, or in our cultures 

 made from the ovary, they occur very seldom, and the probability is 

 that they get there through contamination in making the cultures 

 rather than from being found in the ovary itself. The ovaries are 

 very -mall and one must work with instruments that are sufficiently 

 large to handle. It is almost impossible to take culture- from the 

 ovary and not get contamination from the outside. 



" BLACK BROOD." 



Mr. II. II. Root (Ohio). I thought I understood Doctor White to 



say that the disease called black brood has not been found in New 

 York. 



Doctor Phillips. What Doctor White said was that there is no such 

 thin^ as black brood. The name black brood was a blunder. 



I \ I |.< I [ON CARRIED TO FLOWERS. 



Mr. Smith. Then if, a- yon say, the contamination is always 

 present on the adult bee- from diseased colonies, why i- it not pos- 

 sible to carry it to the blossoms and leave H on the pollen, so that the 

 next bee visiting the same flower would carry germs to it- hive? 



Doctor Phillips. It i-. of course, possible, but highly improbable. 



