18 MEETING OF INSPECTORS OF APIARIES. 



a scientific study from a European investigator. We refer to the other disease 

 as American foul brood, because it was first studied scientifically in America. 

 There is one more disorder in the brood of hees which has attracted considerable 

 attention — the so-called "pickle brood." There are. then, these three principal 

 diseases: European foul brood. American foul brood, and the so-called "pickle 

 brood." 



Doctor Phillips. We surely have all been glad to listen to Doctor 

 White in his most interesting account of his work. It will he well at 

 this time to ask him any questions concerning this work' which may 

 have come to mind. Before opening this subject for discussion I 

 wish to say that after this discussion I shall take up in detail the 

 works which Doctor White has criticized. Consequently, if you have 

 no objection, Ave will hold over until later any discussion of these 

 papers. 



Mr. C. P. Dadant. As I understand it, there exist these two bacilli 

 (Bacillus alvei and Bacillus larvae) and also Bacillus mesqntericus 

 vulgatus. Have you samples of all three of the bacilli ( 



Doctor White. Yes, sir; that (pointing to slides) i< Bacillus lar- 

 vcb; that (showing cultures) is the Bacillus alvei, and the next, B<k'< ] - 

 I us rnesentericus. There are a number of varieties of Bacillus rru si n- 

 tericus, and vulgatus is one of them. 



SYMPTOMS OF BEE DISEASES. 



Mr. Dadant. Will you please give us a description of the two dis- 

 eases — that is, of the conditions arising when Bacillus larva and 

 Bacillus alvei are present in the combs? 



Doctor White. I should like to ask Doctor Phillips to answer that 

 question. 



Doctor Phillips. I shall simply quote from Doctor White's bulle- 

 tin. There was issued from the Bureau of Entomology some time 

 ago a small circular, Circular No. TO, entitled " The Brood Disease- 

 of Bees," and in this circular was included a description of the two 

 diseases which Doctor White has been studying. Doctor White was 

 kind enough to quote in his bulletin from Circular No. 79. and I shall 

 read the descriptions. 



AMEBIC AN FOCI. HROOD. 



American foul brood (often called simply "Pud brood " i is distributed 

 through all parts of the United States, and from the symptoms published in 

 European journals and texts one is led to believe that it is also the prevalent 

 brood disease in Europe. Although it is found in almost all sections of the 

 United States, there are many localities entirely free from disease of any kind. 



The adull bees of an infected colony are usually rather inactive and do little 

 toward cleaning out infected material. When the larvae are lirst affected, they 

 linn to a lighl Chocolate color, and in the advanced Stages of decay they become 



darker, resembling roasted coffee in color. Usually the larva- are attacked at 



aboul the time v\' capping, and most of the cells containing infected larva' are 



