INSECTS AFFECTING CEREALS, ETC. 115 



111 well-licated buildings in a latitude like that of Wasliinj^ton we thus 

 have the possibility of at least four generations a year. 



The mature larva is shown in figure 52 at i, the i)ui)a at c and d. 



THE IJUST-RED FLOUR IJEETLE. 



(TrihoUum fo'nif/ineuin F;il). ) 



This species, as previously stated, closely resembles the first-men- 

 ticned flour beetle in color, form and size, but may be distinguished 

 l>y the form of the head, which is not expanded beyond the eyes at the 

 sides, and by the antennte, which terminate in a distinct three-Jointed 

 club (see fig. 52,/). In its habits and life history this insect closely 

 resembles its congener, T. confusum, but it is apparently somewhat 

 restricted to the Southern States, although occasionally found in the 

 North. It is often reported in flour, meal, and grain, and is sometimes 

 shipped north in consignments of rice. 



THE BROAD-HORNED FLOUR BEETLE. 



(Echoccriis corn n1 us Fal).) 



A third flour beetle that sometimes finds its way into houses is the 

 one above mentioned. It so closely reseml.les the two x^receding spe- 

 cies that the females particularly are with difficulty disti guished from 

 them. The male, with its broad, conspicuous man- 

 dibular horns, is shown at fig. 53. The general habits 

 of this species also so nearly resemble those of Tri- 

 boliuni that it will be nimecessary to give more than 

 a brief mention of its known foods. It has been 

 found in ground cereals of various sorts, including 

 flour, meal, '-germea," rolled barley, bread, army 

 biscuit, maize, wheat, and rice. In southern Califor- 

 nia it occurs even under bark, showing complete 

 acclimatization. It is somewhat limited in distribu- 

 tion in the United States, but is frequently met with fig. hz.—Fchocems cor. 

 in large seaport towns, especially on the Pacific nutns.- male beetle— 



/^ . 1 • ji • T 1 T eiilarijed (oriixinal). 



Coast, and is on the increase elsewhere. In some 

 parts of Euroi)e, according to report, it is a veritable pest in bakeries 

 by getting into the flour and into the nnisses of fermenting dough that 

 accumulate upon the molds used in baking bread. 



THE MEAL-WORMS. 



Two species of beetles and their larva^ the latter familiar to nearly 

 everyone under the name " meal-worms,'' attract attention by reason 

 of their large size and somewhat serpent-like api)earance when they 

 invade the family flour barrel, the feed box, bags of bran or meal, or 

 are turned up in unexi)ected places. These are among the many species 



