56 GEOGRAPHY. 



has mistaken the situation of K. Kangsa, which he writes " Quale 

 Consow," and marks as an extensive tributary having" at two days' 

 distance a " Carrying 1 Place one day by land to Larut River/' 

 I am inclined to think there has in fact been some confusion 

 between this supposed tributary, and the bend to the North 

 which the main stream takes near this point. If this surmise 

 is correct the residence of " the King " was probably at Alahan, 

 where Col. Low found the Court 43 years later. The only name 

 given in its vicinity is Rantau Panjang, probably Pasir Pan- 

 jang. But this tracing' of Perak, before the Siamese invasion, 

 is so interesting that I have had it copied, and readers can form 

 their own judgements on these points. It will be seen that the 

 lower part of the river is given very correctly, and that most 

 of the names can be identified. All reference to the Bruas, as 

 connected with Ulu Perak, has now disappeared ; and it is curious 

 that the mistake, as it undoubtedly was then, should have re- 

 appeared many years later in the Dutch Maps already referred 

 to. Mr. Moniot might have have been warned by this to 

 distrust so unsafe a guide. Col. Low, it may be remarked, also 

 overlooks the importance of this portion of Forrest's sketch. 

 The only reference he makes to the route from Kwala Kangsa to 

 the sea is in the following passage from his account of Ulu Perak 

 as u described to me by Natives, and by the Chinese -" 



" From Quallah Kang'san there is an elephant road to 

 " Trong. The first March is to Padang Assun. The second to 

 " Pondok, chiefly across rice grounds. Here the population 

 " may be rated at 1,000/' 



It is possible that Col. Low. here speaks of the Kwala Kangsa, 

 which he has referred to just before as near Kendrong; and that 

 there is some confusion between the Trong near Larut and the 

 Trong to the north of Kedah. 



Between the date of Capt. Forrest's engraving (published in 

 1792) and Mr. Moniot's (published in 1862), no map with which 

 the Malay Geography is specially concerned was published. 

 There are however two M. S. drawings to speak of, Low's and 

 Bnrney's, which have also been preserved in the Survey Office, 

 originally at Penang and of late years at Singapore. The for- 

 mer bears date 1821; the latter is undated, bat was probably 

 compiled at the time Captain Burney negotiated the Siamese 

 Treaty of 1820. Col. (then Lt.) Low confined his sketch almost 

 entirely to the northern provinces of Siam. Captain Bnrney's 

 tracing includes Kedah, Singora, and Patani ; and the care with 

 which he compiled it may be gathered from the " memorandum:' 

 at the side, from which I quote the following passage : — 



